A client is admitted to the emergency room with a respiratory rate of 7/min. Arterial blood gases (ABG) reveal the following values. Which of the following is an appropriate analysis of the ABGs? pH 7.22, PacO₂ 68 mm Hg, Base excess -2, PaO₂ 78 mm Hg, Saturation 80%, Bicarbonate 26 mEq/L.
Metabolic alkalosis.
Respiratory acidosis.
Metabolic acidosis.
Respiratory alkalosis.
The Correct Answer is B
Respiratory acidosis.
Choice A rationale:
Metabolic alkalosis occurs when there is an increase in pH and bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) levels, which is not the case here. The pH value in this scenario is 7.22, indicating acidosis.
Choice B rationale:
Respiratory acidosis results from the retention of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂) in the blood, leading to a decrease in pH. In this case, the pH is low (7.22), and the PacO₂ is elevated (68 mm Hg), supporting the diagnosis of respiratory acidosis.
Choice C rationale:
Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a decrease in pH and bicarbonate levels, along with a possible negative base excess. However, in this scenario, the base excess is -2, which does not indicate metabolic acidosis.
Choice D rationale:
Respiratory alkalosis occurs when there is a decrease in PaCO₂, leading to an increase in blood pH. The ABG values provided (pH 7.22, PacO₂ 68 mm Hg) are not consistent with respiratory alkalosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is B. 600 milliliters.
Choice A rationale:
A 24-hour urine output of 1000 milliliters is within the normal range for an adult, indicating adequate kidney function and hydration.
Choice B rationale:
A 24-hour urine output of 600 milliliters is below the normal range (typically 800-2000 milliliters), which may indicate oliguria (reduced urine output) and could be a sign of renal impairment or dehydration. This warrants notifying the healthcare provider.
Choice C rationale:
A 24-hour urine output of 1200 milliliters is also within the normal range, suggesting normal kidney function and hydration status.
Choice D rationale:
A 24-hour urine output of 750 milliliters is slightly below the normal range but may not be immediately concerning unless accompanied by other symptoms. However, it is still important to monitor and possibly notify the healthcare provider if it persists.
Correct Answer is ["A","D"]
Explanation
The correct answer is A. Limit intake of canned soups and D. Read labels on foods before eating.
Choice A rationale:
Canned soups often contain high levels of sodium, which can contribute to exceeding the recommended daily sodium intake. Limiting these can help manage sodium levels effectively.
Choice B rationale:
Choosing diet sodas over bottled water is not advisable. Diet sodas can still contain sodium and other additives that are not beneficial for a low-sodium diet. Bottled water is a better choice as it typically contains no sodium.
Choice C rationale:
Bottled salad dressings often contain high amounts of sodium. Opting for homemade or low-sodium versions is a better strategy for maintaining a low-sodium diet.
Choice D rationale:
Reading labels on foods before eating is crucial for identifying hidden sources of sodium and making informed dietary choices. This practice helps in adhering to a low-sodium diet by avoiding foods with high sodium content.
: 3
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