A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is dehydrated. Which of the following BUN lab values should the nurse report to the provider?

10 mg/dL.

18 mg/dL.

13 mg/dL.

25 mg/dL.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

25 mg/dL.

Choice A rationale:

A BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) level of 10 mg/dL is within the normal range, indicating normal kidney function. There is no indication to report this value to the provider for a dehydrated client.

Choice B rationale:

A BUN level of 18 mg/dL is within the normal range as well. This value does not suggest significant dehydration, so it is not necessary to report it to the provider in this context.

Choice C rationale:

A BUN level of 13 mg/dL is also within the normal range, and similar to choices A and B, it does not indicate severe dehydration that requires immediate reporting to the provider.

Choice D rationale:

A BUN level of 25 mg/dL is elevated, which may indicate dehydration, kidney dysfunction, or other issues affecting fluid balance. Since the client is dehydrated, this elevated value needs to be reported to the provider for further evaluation and appropriate intervention.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Fluid volume overload is an excess of fluid in the intravascular and/or interstitial spaces. One of the hallmark signs of fluid volume overload is distended neck veins, which indicates increased venous pressure due to the accumulation of fluid. The neck veins become more visible and prominent, especially when the patient is in a semi-Fowler's position.

Choice B rationale:

Poor skin turgor is a sign of dehydration, not fluid volume overload. It is characterized by the skin's inability to return to its normal position after being gently pinched. In fluid volume overload, the skin may become edematous and puffy, but it does not exhibit poor turgor.

Choice C rationale:

Concentrated hemoglobin and hematocrit levels are seen in conditions of dehydration or hemoconcentration, not in fluid volume overload. In fluid volume overload, there is excess fluid, which may lead to dilutional effects, resulting in decreased concentration of blood components.

Choice D rationale:

Decreased urine output is associated with fluid volume deficit (dehydration) rather than fluid volume overload. In fluid volume overload, there is often an increase in urine output as the body tries to eliminate the excess fluid.

A. Hypokalemia. B. Hypercalcemia. C. Hypovolemia. D. Hyperglycemia.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Hypokalemia is not a direct adverse effect of dextrose 10% in water infusion. This solution does not contain potassium, and unless the patient already has low potassium levels or other contributing factors, it would not cause hypokalemia.

Choice B rationale:

Hypercalcemia is unrelated to dextrose 10% in water infusion. The solution does not contain calcium, and it would not lead to an increase in serum calcium levels.

Choice C rationale:

Hypovolemia, or low blood volume, is not typically associated with dextrose 10% in water infusion. However, if administered rapidly in large amounts, it could potentially cause fluid overload leading to hypervolemia.

Choice D rationale:

Hyperglycemia is a possible adverse effect of dextrose 10% in water infusion. The solution contains a high concentration of glucose, which can raise blood sugar levels if the body cannot adequately utilize or regulate the glucose. Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels is essential during such an infusion, especially in patients with diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance.

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is dehydrated. Which of the following BUN lab values should the nurse report to the provider?

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