A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic kidney disease for fluid volume increase. Which of the following provides a reliable measure of fluid retention?

Sodium level.

Tissue turgor.

Daily weight.

Intake and output.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:

Sodium level is a laboratory parameter that can be helpful in assessing fluid balance, but it does not directly measure fluid retention. Abnormal sodium levels may indicate fluid imbalances, but it is not the most reliable measure of fluid retention.

Choice B rationale:

Tissue turgor refers to the skin's elasticity, and it can be used to assess dehydration rather than fluid retention. Poor turgor may indicate dehydration, but it does not specifically measure fluid volume increase.

Choice C rationale:

Daily weight is a reliable measure of fluid retention. An increase in weight over a short period may indicate fluid accumulation in the body, while a decrease in weight could signify fluid loss. It is essential to monitor weight consistently under standardized conditions (e.g., same time, same clothing) for accurate assessment.

Choice D rationale:

Intake and output records provide information about fluid intake and output but may not always reflect fluid retention accurately. It is helpful for assessing fluid balance, but daily weight is a more direct and reliable measure of fluid retention.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The correct answer is B. 600 milliliters.

Choice A rationale:

A 24-hour urine output of 1000 milliliters is within the normal range for an adult, indicating adequate kidney function and hydration.

Choice B rationale:

A 24-hour urine output of 600 milliliters is below the normal range (typically 800-2000 milliliters), which may indicate oliguria (reduced urine output) and could be a sign of renal impairment or dehydration. This warrants notifying the healthcare provider.

Choice C rationale:

A 24-hour urine output of 1200 milliliters is also within the normal range, suggesting normal kidney function and hydration status.

Choice D rationale:

A 24-hour urine output of 750 milliliters is slightly below the normal range but may not be immediately concerning unless accompanied by other symptoms. However, it is still important to monitor and possibly notify the healthcare provider if it persists.

A. Normal saline. B. Potassium phosphate. C. Additional milk intake. D. Increased Vitamin D intake.

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Normal saline is not indicated for the treatment of high serum phosphate levels. It is a solution used for fluid resuscitation or hydration but does not have any direct effect on phosphate levels.

Choice B rationale:

Potassium phosphate is a suitable treatment for a patient with a low serum phosphate level (hypophosphatemia). In this case, the patient has a high serum phosphate level, and administering more phosphate would exacerbate the condition.

Choice C rationale:

Additional milk intake is not a suitable treatment for high serum phosphate levels. Milk contains phosphate, which would further elevate the phosphate level.

Choice D rationale:

Increased Vitamin D intake is a valid treatment for high serum phosphate levels (hyperphosphatemia). Vitamin D helps regulate phosphate levels by promoting its excretion.

Choice E rationale:

Calcium-containing antacids are used to bind phosphate in the gastrointestinal tract and reduce its absorption, thus lowering serum phosphate levels. This makes it a suitable treatment for hyperphosphatemia.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic kidney disease for fluid volume increase. Which of the following provides a reliable measure of fluid retention?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient recovering from surgery has an indwelling urinary catheter. For which 24-hour urine output volumes should the nurse notify the patient's healthcare provider?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

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