The nurse is reviewing the health problems for a group of assigned patients. Which patient does the nurse recognize as being at increased risk for developing metabolic alkalosis?
Patient with bulimia.
Patient with COPD.
Patient with venous stasis ulcer.
Patient on dialysis.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale: Patients with bulimia are at increased risk for developing metabolic alkalosis due to recurrent vomiting, which leads to loss of hydrochloric acid from the stomach and results in an elevated blood bicarbonate level.
Choice B rationale: Patients with COPD are more likely to develop respiratory acidosis due to retention of carbon dioxide, not metabolic alkalosis.
Choice C rationale: Patients with venous stasis ulcers do not have a direct association with metabolic alkalosis.
Choice D rationale: Patients on dialysis are more likely to experience metabolic acidosis due to impaired kidney function and inability to excrete acid effectively.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Hypophosphatemia is a condition characterized by low levels of phosphate in the blood, which can be caused by various factors, including malnutrition. In this case, the patient has a history of stomach ulcers, which might have contributed to poor nutrient absorption. The nurse should request a dietitian consult to ensure the patient receives an appropriate diet rich in phosphorus, which is essential for cellular function, bone health, and energy metabolism.
Choice B rationale:
Providing aluminum hydroxide antacids as prescribed is not the appropriate intervention for hypophosphatemia. Aluminum hydroxide antacids can bind to phosphate in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing its absorption and potentially worsening the patient's already low phosphate levels.
Choice C rationale:
Instructing the patient to avoid poultry, peanuts, and seeds is not suitable for this situation. These foods are good sources of phosphorus, and avoiding them would further deplete the patient's already low phosphate levels.
Choice D rationale:
Instructing the patient to avoid the intake of sodium phosphate is not necessary for hypophosphatemia. While sodium phosphate preparations are used as laxatives, there is no indication that the patient is taking them, and they are not relevant to the management of hypophosphatemia.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
The correct answers are Choices B, C, and D.
Choice A rationale: Normal saline is not typically used to treat low phosphate levels. It is often used to treat dehydration and electrolyte imbalances that do not include hypophosphatemia.
Choice B rationale: Potassium phosphate is used to treat low phosphate levels. It directly supplements phosphate levels in the body, making it an appropriate treatment for hypophosphatemia.
Choice C rationale: Additional milk intake can help increase phosphate levels, as milk is a good source of phosphate. This is a suitable recommendation for a patient with low phosphate levels.
Choice D rationale: Increased Vitamin D intake can enhance phosphate absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, making it a beneficial treatment for a patient with low phosphate levels.
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