The nurse is reviewing the health problems for a group of assigned patients. Which patient does the nurse recognize as being at increased risk for developing metabolic alkalosis?

Patient with bulimia.

Patient with COPD.

Patient with venous stasis ulcer.

Patient on dialysis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale: Patients with bulimia are at increased risk for developing metabolic alkalosis due to recurrent vomiting, which leads to loss of hydrochloric acid from the stomach and results in an elevated blood bicarbonate level.

Choice B rationale: Patients with COPD are more likely to develop respiratory acidosis due to retention of carbon dioxide, not metabolic alkalosis.

Choice C rationale: Patients with venous stasis ulcers do not have a direct association with metabolic alkalosis.

Choice D rationale: Patients on dialysis are more likely to experience metabolic acidosis due to impaired kidney function and inability to excrete acid effectively.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Hypophosphatemia is a condition characterized by low levels of phosphate in the blood, which can be caused by various factors, including malnutrition. In this case, the patient has a history of stomach ulcers, which might have contributed to poor nutrient absorption. The nurse should request a dietitian consult to ensure the patient receives an appropriate diet rich in phosphorus, which is essential for cellular function, bone health, and energy metabolism.

Choice B rationale:

Providing aluminum hydroxide antacids as prescribed is not the appropriate intervention for hypophosphatemia. Aluminum hydroxide antacids can bind to phosphate in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing its absorption and potentially worsening the patient's already low phosphate levels.

Choice C rationale:

Instructing the patient to avoid poultry, peanuts, and seeds is not suitable for this situation. These foods are good sources of phosphorus, and avoiding them would further deplete the patient's already low phosphate levels.

Choice D rationale:

Instructing the patient to avoid the intake of sodium phosphate is not necessary for hypophosphatemia. While sodium phosphate preparations are used as laxatives, there is no indication that the patient is taking them, and they are not relevant to the management of hypophosphatemia.

A. Urine specific gravity 1.035. B. BUN 19 mg/dL. C. Hematocrit 44.9%. D. Sodium 155 mEq/L.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Sodium 155 mEq/L. Choice A rationale:

A urine specific gravity of 1.035 indicates concentrated urine and is consistent with fluid volume deficit. However, it is not the most specific finding for this condition.

Choice B rationale:

A BUN (blood urea nitrogen) level of 19 mg/dL can be a normal value. It is within the reference range (usually around 7-20 mg/dL) and does not provide specific information about fluid volume deficit.

Choice C rationale:

A hematocrit of 44.9% can also be within the normal range for some individuals, and while it can be elevated in cases of fluid volume deficit, it is not as sensitive as other parameters for detecting this condition.

Choice D rationale:
This is the correct answer because a sodium level of 155 mEq/L is elevated and indicates hypernatremia, which is associated with fluid volume deficit. Hypernatremia occurs when there is a relative lack of water in relation to the sodium concentration in the blood, and it can lead to dehydration

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The nurse is reviewing the health problems for a group of assigned patients. Which patient does the nurse recognize as being at increased risk for developing metabolic alkalosis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient with a history of stomach ulcers is diagnosed with hypophosphatemia. What intervention should the nurse include in this patient's plan of care?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has fluid volume deficit. The nurse would expect which of the following findings?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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