A nurse is caring for a client who has hypernatremia and requires IV fluid therapy due to his NPO status. Which of the following solutions should the nurse prepare to infuse for this client?

Lactated Ringer's

0.45% sodium chloride

Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride

Dextrose 10% in water

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Lactated Ringer's is a balanced electrolyte solution, but it contains sodium in a similar concentration to normal serum levels. It is not appropriate for a client with hypernatremia, as it could further increase their sodium levels.
B.   0.45% sodium chloride, also known as half-normal saline, is a hypotonic solution with a lower concentration of sodium than normal serum levels. It can help to lower the sodium levels in a client with hypernatremia by diluting the excess sodium in the body.
C.   Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride is a hypertonic solution that contains both dextrose and sodium. It would not be appropriate for a client with hypernatremia, as it could exacerbate the condition.
D.   Dextrose 10% in water is a hypertonic solution with a high concentration of dextrose.
It does not contain sodium, but it is still a hypertonic solution and not appropriate for a client with hypernatremia.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Increased fiber in the diet is not a cause of constipation, but rather a preventive measure that can help promote regular bowel movements by adding bulk and softness to the stool.
B. Ignoring the urge to defecate is a cause of constipation, as it can lead to hardening and accumulation of fecal matter in the colon, resulting in difficulty and pain during defecation.
C. Inadequate fluid intake is a cause of constipation, as it can contribute to dehydration and reduced stool moisture, making it harder and drier to pass.
D. Increased activity is not a cause of constipation, but rather a beneficial factor that can stimulate intestinal motility and facilitate bowel elimination.
E. Excessive laxative use is a cause of constipation, as it can interfere with the normal functioning of the colon and cause dependence, leading to decreased bowel tone and reduced peristalsis.

A. Observe the client's respiratory status. B. Monitor intake and output every 8 hr. C. Elevate the head of the client's bed 30° to 45°. D. Check residual volume every 4 to 6 hr.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Observing the client's respiratory status is also important, but it is an ongoing assessment rather than an immediate action.

B. Monitoring intake and output every 8 hours is important for overall fluid balance, but it is not the top priority in this situation.

C. This is crucial to prevent aspiration, which can occur if the feeding formula enters the lungs, leading to pneumonia or other serious complications. Elevating the head of the bed helps keep the esophagus above the stomach, reducing the risk of aspiration.

D. Checking residual volume every 4 to 6 hours is a part of enteral feeding care, but it is not the top priority. Monitoring respiratory status takes precedence due to the potential risk of aspiration.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has hypernatremia and requires IV fluid therapy due to his NPO status. Which of the following solutions should the nurse prepare to infuse for this client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client who has constipation. Which of the following should the nurse discuss as causes of constipation? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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