A primary care nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client. Which of the following chronic conditions should the nurse identify as risk factors for developing kidney disease?

Chronic lung disease

Hypertension

Diabetes

Coronary heart disease

Obesity

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,E

A.   Chronic lung disease is not typically identified as a risk factor for developing kidney disease.
B.   Hypertension is a significant risk factor for kidney disease as it can damage blood vessels in the kidneys over time.
C.   Diabetes, especially when uncontrolled, can lead to diabetic nephropathy, a common cause of kidney disease.
D.   Coronary heart disease is primarily related to the cardiovascular system and is not directly associated with kidney disease.
E.   Obesity increases the risk of developing kidney disease due to associated conditions such as hypertension and diabetes.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Muscle hypertrophy is not a typical manifestation of hypercortisolism; rather, muscle weakness and wasting may occur.
B. Moon face, or rounded facial appearance with prominent cheeks, is a characteristic manifestation of hypercortisolism (Cushing's syndrome).
C. A butterfly rash on the face is not specific to hypercortisolism; it may suggest other conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus.
D. Chvostek's sign is associated with hypocalcemia, not hypercortisolism.

A. Constipation B. Muscle spasms C. Metallic taste D. Headache

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Constipation is a common adverse effect of aluminum hydroxide, an antacid often used to bind phosphate in patients with renal failure to prevent hyperphosphatemia.
B. Muscle spasms are not typically associated with aluminum hydroxide.
C. Metallic taste is not a common adverse effect of aluminum hydroxide.
D. Headache is not a common adverse effect of aluminum hydroxide.

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A primary care nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client. Which of the following chronic conditions should the nurse identify as risk factors for developing kidney disease?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing four clients on a medical unit. The nurse should identify which of the following clients as exhibiting positive manifestations of hypercortisolism?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has renal failure and an elevated phosphorous level. The provider instructed the client to take aluminum hydroxide 300 mg PO three times daily. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse inform the client?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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