A woman was brought to the emergency department of a hospital after she fell into the ground and hurt her left leg. She is noted to be tachycardic and tachypneic. Painkillers were carried out to lessen her pain. Suddenly, she started complaining that she is still in pain and now experiencing muscle cramps, tingling, and paraesthesia. Measurement of arterial blood gas reveals pH 7.6, PaO2 120 mm Hg. PaCO2 31 mm Hg, and HCO3 25 mmol/L.

What does this mean?

Respiratory Acidosis, Partially Compensated

Respiratory Alkalosis, Uncompensated

Metabolic Alkalosis. Uncompensated

Metabolic Alkalosis. Partially Compensated

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   This is incorrect because the pH is indicative of alkalosis, not acidosis, and the body has not compensated.
B.   The arterial blood gas (ABG) values provided indicate a pH of 7.6, which is above the normal range (7.35-7.45), suggesting alkalosis. The PaCO2 is low at 31 mm Hg, indicating hyperventilation, which is a respiratory process. Since the HCO3 is normal at 25 mmol/L, it suggests that the metabolic system is not the cause of the alkalosis. The body has not had time to compensate for the high pH with renal adjustments to the bicarbonate level, which would be seen in a partially compensated state.
C.   This is incorrect because the bicarbonate level is normal, suggesting the metabolic system is not the cause.
D.   This is incorrect because the bicarbonate level is normal, suggesting the metabolic system is not the cause.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Aluminum hydroxide can lead to increased serum magnesium levels, but this is not the reason for its preference in chronic kidney disease.
B. Aluminum hydroxide is preferred because it binds to dietary phosphate, reducing serum phosphorus levels in patients with chronic kidney disease who are prone to hyperphosphatemia.
C. Aluminum hydroxide does not significantly affect serum potassium levels.
D. Aluminum hydroxide can lead to decreased serum calcium levels due to binding, but this is not the primary reason for its preference in chronic kidney disease.

A. Constipation B. Muscle spasms C. Metallic taste D. Headache

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Constipation is a common adverse effect of aluminum hydroxide, an antacid often used to bind phosphate in patients with renal failure to prevent hyperphosphatemia.
B. Muscle spasms are not typically associated with aluminum hydroxide.
C. Metallic taste is not a common adverse effect of aluminum hydroxide.
D. Headache is not a common adverse effect of aluminum hydroxide.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has renal failure and an elevated phosphorous level. The provider instructed the client to take aluminum hydroxide 300 mg PO three times daily. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse inform the client?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A nurse is caring for a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and a sodium level of 123 mEq/L. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?

A nurse is talking to a client who is taking a calcium supplement for osteoporosis. The client tells the nurse she is experiencing flank pain. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse suspect?

A nurse is providing dietary teaching to client who has calcium oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

A nurse is reviewing laboratory values for a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following values should give the nurse the best indication of the client's renal function?

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results from a client who has prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse expect?

A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas results for a client in the ICU who has kidney failure and determines the client has respiratory acidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is discussing laboratory values associated with the renal system with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the values?