A nurse is assessing a client who had a craniotomy and has developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following manifestations should the nurse anticipate?

Weight loss

Oliguria

Hypernatremia

Increased thirst

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A)   SIADH leads to water retention due to excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), resulting in weight gain rather than weight loss.
B)   SIADH causes the kidneys to retain water, leading to decreased urine output (oliguria) and concentrated urine.
C)   SIADH typically results in dilutional hyponatremia due to water retention, not hypernatremia.
D)   In SIADH, the body retains water excessively, leading to decreased serum osmolality and suppression of thirst, rather than increased thirst.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Administering corticosteroids is crucial during an Addisonian crisis but typically involves intravenous corticosteroids (not oral) during the crisis to quickly restore hormone levels. Oral corticosteroids are part of regular maintenance therapy but not an immediate intervention in the crisis.

B. Weighing the client daily is important to monitor for potential fluid loss, dehydration, or weight changes related to Addison's disease and Addisonian crisis. Clients with Addison’s disease may experience fluid and electrolyte imbalances, so daily weight tracking helps detect early signs of fluid shifts, which are critical in crisis prevention and management.

C. A low-carbohydrate diet is not recommended for clients with Addison’s disease, as they may need a balanced diet with sufficient carbohydrates to prevent hypoglycemia.

D. Fluid intake should not be restricted; rather, maintaining adequate hydration is vital. Clients in Addisonian crisis are often at risk for dehydration due to fluid losses and low aldosterone levels, making fluid replacement essential.

A. A client who has salicylate intoxication B. A client who is taking a thiazide diuretic C. A client who is vomiting D. A client who has diarrhea

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Salicylate intoxication can lead to metabolic acidosis due to the accumulation of salicylic acid, which increases metabolic rate and production of organic acids.
B. Thiazide diuretics can lead to metabolic alkalosis due to the loss of hydrogen and chloride ions.
C. Vomiting can lead to metabolic alkalosis due to the loss of gastric acid.
D. Diarrhea can lead to metabolic acidosis due to the loss of bicarbonate-rich fluids.

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A nurse is assessing a client who had a craniotomy and has developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following manifestations should the nurse anticipate?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has Addison's disease and is at risk for Addisonian crisis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the medical records of four clients who have an acid-base imbalance. The nurse should recognize that which of the following clients is at risk for metabolic acidosis?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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