A nurse is assessing a client who had a craniotomy and has developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following manifestations should the nurse anticipate?

Weight loss

Oliguria

Hypernatremia

Increased thirst

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A)   SIADH leads to water retention due to excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), resulting in weight gain rather than weight loss.
B)   SIADH causes the kidneys to retain water, leading to decreased urine output (oliguria) and concentrated urine.
C)   SIADH typically results in dilutional hyponatremia due to water retention, not hypernatremia.
D)   In SIADH, the body retains water excessively, leading to decreased serum osmolality and suppression of thirst, rather than increased thirst.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a low pH and low bicarbonate levels (HCO3).
B. Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and high bicarbonate levels (HCO3).
C. Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and low PaCO2 levels.
D. The pH is below the normal range (7.35-7.45), indicating acidosis. The PaCO2 is elevated, indicating respiratory acidosis, as an increase in PaCO2 leads to an increase in carbonic acid and a decrease in pH.

A. Ondansetron B. Diphenhydramine C. Vancomycin D. Omeprazole

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Ondansetron is an antiemetic commonly used to prevent nausea and vomiting, and it is not typically associated with nephrotoxicity.
B. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine used for allergy symptoms and as a sleep aid. It is not known to cause nephrotoxicity.
C. Vancomycin is an antibiotic that can cause nephrotoxicity, especially when administered in high doses or in individuals with impaired renal function. Monitoring renal function is crucial when using vancomycin.
D. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to reduce gastric acid secretion and treat conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcers. It is not associated with nephrotoxicity.

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A nurse is assessing a client who had a craniotomy and has developed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following manifestations should the nurse anticipate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas values for a client. The pH is 7.32, PaCO, 48 mm Hg and the HCO, is 23 mEq/L. The nurse should recognize that these findings indicate of which of the following acid base balances?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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