A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching for a client who had a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and requires assistance to perform their ADLs. Which of the following statements should the nurse provide?

"You will not become fatigued when you use assistive devices."

"Plan to hire a home care aid to perform all of your ADLs."

"Install grab bars in your shower to assist with your balance."

"Place a towel in the shower to prevent slipping

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

"You will not become fatigued when you use assistive devices. “This statement might provide an unrealistic expectation. While assistive devices can help, they might still require physical effort and could potentially cause fatigue, especially during initial use or extended periods.

Choice B Reason:

"Plan to hire a home care aid to perform all of your ADLs." This statement is not appropriate.

While home care assistance can be beneficial, aiming to have someone perform all ADLs might limit the client's independence and ability to regain skills. The goal is often to support the client in performing ADLs independently whenever possible.

Choice C Reason:

"Install grab bars in your shower to assist with your balance." This statement is true. Installing grab bars in the shower can significantly enhance safety and stability during activities like showering, reducing the risk of falls for someone who might experience balance or mobility challenges following a CVA.

Choice D Reason:

"Place a towel in the shower to prevent slipping." This statement is inappropriate. While placing a towel might offer some traction, it might not provide sufficient stability or support, especially for someone with balance issues post-CVA. Grab bars offer more reliable support to prevent falls in the shower.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A Reason:
Using a fire extinguisher at the source of the smoke is not appropriate. While using a fire extinguisher could potentially help contain a small fire, it's crucial to prioritize rescuing those in immediate danger and alerting others about the fire first by activating the fire alarm. This action ensures that help is on the way and that everyone is aware of the emergency.
Choice B Reason:
Closing the doors to the room and to the bathroom is not appropriate. Closing doors can help contain smoke and fire to some extent, but again, the priority in an emergency situation like this is to rescue those in immediate danger then activate the fire alarm to ensure a swift response and alert others.
Choice C Reason:
Activate the fire alarm system is appropriate. Activating the fire alarm alerts others in the facility and initiates the emergency response protocol, helping to ensure that help is on the way while potentially preventing the spread of fire. However, this step should be taken after assisting the client to safety as they are in immediate danger.
Choice D Reason:
Assisting the client who is in immediate danger to a nearby common area should be the furst step that the nurse takes before alerting other people of the fire. (RACE protocol)

A. Positive Trousseau's sign B. Dizziness upon standing C. Tingling of the fingers D. Increased respiratory rate

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Positive Trousseau's sign is incorrect. Trousseau's sign is associated more with calcium imbalances, particularly hypocalcemia, and is assessed by inflating a blood pressure cuff on the arm to induce carpal spasm. It's not a specific indicator of metabolic acidosis related to high glucose levels in diabetes mellitus.

Choice B Reason:

Dizziness upon standing is incorrect. Dizziness upon standing, also known as orthostatic hypotension, is more commonly associated with blood pressure changes upon position changes. While it can occur in various conditions, it's not a specific indicator of metabolic acidosis in this context.

Choice C Reason:

Tingling of the fingers is incorrect. Tingling sensations, known as paresthesia, can occur due to various reasons, including nerve damage related to chronic high blood sugar levels in diabetes (diabetic neuropathy). However, it's not a direct and specific indicator of metabolic acidosis caused by high glucose levels in diabetes mellitus.

Choice D Reason:

Increased respiratory rate is correct. Metabolic acidosis in a diabetic individual can trigger compensatory mechanisms, such as increased respiratory rate (Kussmaul respirations), as the body tries to eliminate excess acids through respiration to help regulate the acid-base balance. This increased respiratory rate is an attempt to blow off carbon dioxide (a potential acidic byproduct) and decrease the acidity in the blood.

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A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching for a client who had a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and requires assistance to perform their ADLs. Which of the following statements should the nurse provide?

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