A nurse is collecting data from a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Jaundice

Muscle rigidity

Weight loss

Easily bruised

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A Reason:

Jaundice, characterized by yellowing of the skin and eyes, is typically associated with liver dysfunction or conditions affecting the breakdown of red blood cells, not directly linked to Cushing's syndrome. While some liver abnormalities can be seen in Cushing's syndrome due to metabolic changes, jaundice is not a typical manifestation of this condition.

Choice B Reason:

Muscle rigidity is more commonly associated with conditions like Parkinson's disease, dystonia, or certain muscle disorders. In Cushing's syndrome, muscle weakness due to protein breakdown and muscle wasting is a more expected finding rather than muscle rigidity.

Choice C Reason:

Weight loss is incorrect. Weight gain, particularly in the central part of the body (trunk) and face (creating a "moon face"), is a more common characteristic of Cushing's syndrome. The excess cortisol often leads to increased fat deposits, especially in these areas, rather than weight loss.

Cushing's syndrome is characterized by an excess of cortisol in the body, either due to the body producing too much cortisol or from long-term use of corticosteroid medications. Considering this condition, the nurse should expect the following finding:

Choice D Reason:

Easily bruised is correct. Excess cortisol can lead to the thinning of the skin and weakening of blood vessels, making individuals with Cushing's syndrome prone to easy bruising. Other common findings associated with Cushing's syndrome include weight gain (especially in the trunk and face), muscle weakness, high blood pressure, fatigue, and changes in skin such as thinning and purple stretch marks.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:
Speech therapists, also known as speech-language pathologists, specialize in evaluating and treating swallowing difficulties (dysphagia) among other speech and language issues. They are trained to assess and provide therapies to improve swallowing function, ensuring safe and effective swallowing to prevent aspiration and related complications.
Choice B Reason:
Respiratory therapists primarily focus on the respiratory system and breathing issues. While they play a crucial role in managing respiratory problems, their expertise generally centers around respiratory treatments, ventilator management, and pulmonary function testing. They might assist if dysphagia leads to aspiration and subsequent respiratory complications, but the primary management of dysphagia itself falls within the scope of a speech therapist.
Choice C Reason:
Occupational therapists assist individuals in regaining independence in daily activities. While they may help with certain aspects of dysphagia management, their primary focus isn't specifically on evaluating and treating swallowing disorders. They might address related issues, such as adapting eating utensils or positioning during meals to assist the client, but they may not have the specialized training needed for direct dysphagia therapy.
Choice D Reason:
Physical therapists primarily focus on improving mobility, strength, and physical function. While they might address certain issues related to oral motor function or posture during eating that could affect swallowing, their expertise lies more in physical rehabilitation rather than the specialized treatment of dysphagia.

A. Passing of flatus B. Stoma is pinkish-red C. Tolerating a clear liquid diet D. Absent bowel sounds

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Passing of flatus is correct. Passing flatus (gas) is an encouraging sign that the digestive system is functioning and that gas is moving through the colostomy. This is a positive indicator of colostomy function.

Choice B Reason:

Stoma is pinkish-red. A pinkish-red stoma indicates good blood circulation to the area, which is vital for the health of the stoma tissue. A healthy-colored stoma is a positive sign.

Choice C Reason:

Tolerating a clear liquid diet. Tolerating a clear liquid diet might be an indicator of gastrointestinal function, but it might not specifically confirm the functionality of the colostomy itself.

D. Absent bowel sounds

Absent bowel sounds might be present immediately postoperatively due to the effects of anesthesia and abdominal surgery. However, bowel sounds aren't a direct indicator of colostomy function.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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