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A nurse is explaining the pathophysiology of viral gastroenteritis to a group of nursing students. Which statement by the nurse is accurate?

"Viral gastroenteritis primarily affects the large intestine."

"Viral gastroenteritis is caused by bacterial toxins."

"Viral gastroenteritis leads to inflammation of the stomach lining."

"Viral gastroenteritis is characterized by blood in the stool."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) Incorrect. Viral gastroenteritis primarily affects the small intestine, not the large intestine.

B) Incorrect. Viral gastroenteritis is caused by viruses, not bacterial toxins.

C) Correct. Viral gastroenteritis leads to inflammation of the stomach and small intestine linings.

D) Incorrect. Blood in the stool is not a typical symptom of viral gastroenteritis; it is more commonly seen in certain bacterial infections.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Incorrect. While exercise is important for overall health, strenuous exercise immediately after meals may exacerbate symptoms of GERD.

B) Incorrect. Lying down immediately after meals can lead to increased reflux and heartburn. It is advisable to remain upright for a period after eating.

C) Correct. Eating smaller, more frequent meals can help prevent excessive stomach distention, reducing the likelihood of acid reflux and heartburn.

D) Incorrect. High-fat meals can lead to delayed gastric emptying, potentially worsening symptoms of GERD. It is recommended to consume lower-fat meals.

A. "The bacteria release toxins that directly damage the gastrointestinal lining." B. "The bacteria invade and destroy the cells lining the small intestine." C. "The bacteria induce an immune response leading to inflammation." D. "The bacteria disrupt the balance of normal gut flora."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Correct. Many bacteria that cause gastroenteritis release toxins that directly damage the gastrointestinal lining.

B) Incorrect. While invasion of cells can occur with certain bacteria, it is not the primary mechanism of action for all bacterial gastroenteritis.

C) Incorrect. While inflammation is a common response to bacterial infection, it may not be the primary mechanism of all cases of bacterial gastroenteritis.

D) Incorrect. Disruption of normal gut flora is more commonly associated with certain types of antibiotics rather than the direct mechanism of bacteria causing gastroenteritis.

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A nurse is explaining the pathophysiology of viral gastroenteritis to a group of nursing students. Which statement by the nurse is accurate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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