A nurse is caring for a patient with Addison's Disease. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
buffalo hump
hyponatremia
decreased glucose level
weight gain
Craving for salt
Correct Answer : B,C,E
A. Buffalo hump:
Explanation: A buffalo hump is associated with excess cortisol, which is not a typical manifestation of Addison's disease. Instead, patients with Addison's disease may experience weight loss and muscle wasting.
B. Hyponatremia:
Explanation: Correct. Hyponatremia (low sodium levels) can occur in Addison's disease due to the loss of aldosterone, which plays a role in sodium and water balance.
C. Decreased glucose level:
Explanation: Correct. Addison's disease can lead to hypoglycemia (low blood glucose levels) because cortisol, which is important for maintaining blood glucose, is deficient.
D. Weight gain:
Explanation: Weight gain is not a typical manifestation of Addison's disease. Instead, weight loss and muscle wasting may occur.
E. Craving for salt:
Explanation: Correct. Addison's disease can lead to salt craving, as aldosterone deficiency results in increased sodium loss and potassium retention.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Methylprednisolone (Solu-medrol):
Explanation: Acute adrenal insufficiency is a life-threatening condition characterized by a sudden deficiency of adrenal hormones. In this situation, intravenous glucocorticoids such as methylprednisolone are administered to replace the deficient hormones and stabilize the patient. This is the appropriate intervention to address the acute adrenal crisis.
B. Hypotonic saline:
Explanation: Hypotonic saline is not the first-line treatment for acute adrenal insufficiency. The priority is to replace glucocorticoids to address the adrenal hormone deficiency.
C. Potassium (K-dur):
Explanation: While electrolyte imbalances can occur in adrenal insufficiency, potassium replacement alone does not address the primary issue of glucocorticoid deficiency in acute adrenal insufficiency.
D. Regular Insulin:
Explanation: Regular insulin is not the primary treatment for acute adrenal insufficiency. Glucocorticoid replacement, such as methylprednisolone, is the key intervention.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. To prevent post-prandial hypoglycemia:
This statement is not accurate. Insulin Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin used for mealtime coverage to manage post-prandial glucose levels, but it is not given to prevent hypoglycemia.
B. To treat the carbohydrates the client ate:
This statement is more accurate. Insulin Lispro is used to cover the rise in blood sugar that occurs after meals. It helps regulate glucose levels by managing the effect of ingested carbohydrates.
C. To treat the client's blood glucose level:
This statement is generally correct. Insulin Lispro is administered to manage and lower elevated blood glucose levels, especially in response to meals.
D. As a basal dose to prevent hyperglycemia for up to 24 hours:
This statement is incorrect. Insulin Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin and is not used for basal (long-acting) coverage. Basal insulin is usually provided by long-acting insulin formulations.
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