The nurse understands causes of respiratory acidosis include: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

asthma

hyperventilation

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

renal insufficiency

pneumonia

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,E

A. Asthma:
Explanation: Asthma is associated with respiratory alkalosis, not respiratory acidosis. In asthma, there is often hyperventilation leading to a decrease in carbon dioxide levels.

B. Hyperventilation:
Explanation: Correct. Hyperventilation can cause respiratory alkalosis, not respiratory acidosis. It leads to a decrease in carbon dioxide levels.

C. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD):
Explanation: Correct. Conditions like COPD can lead to respiratory acidosis. In COPD, there is impaired ventilation, leading to an accumulation of carbon dioxide.

D. Renal insufficiency:
Explanation: Renal insufficiency is not a direct cause of respiratory acidosis. Respiratory acidosis is primarily related to respiratory system dysfunction.

E. Pneumonia:
Explanation: Correct. Pneumonia can cause respiratory acidosis. In pneumonia, there may be difficulty in eliminating carbon dioxide due to impaired gas exchange.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Persistently cold feet:
This may be a sign of poor circulation, which is more associated with peripheral vascular disease than neuropathy.

B. Acute pain, unrelieved by rest:
Acute pain is not typically associated with peripheral neuropathy. Neuropathic pain is often chronic and may include sensations like tingling or burning.

C. The presence of a tingling sensation:
This is correct. Tingling sensations, along with numbness and pain, are common symptoms of peripheral neuropathy in diabetes.

D. Pain that does not respond to analgesia:
While neuropathic pain can be challenging to manage, the primary focus is on the characteristic nature of the pain (tingling, burning) rather than its response to analgesics.

A. 15 to 20 g of a fast-acting carbohydrate such as orange juice. B. I.V. bolus of dextrose 50%. C. I.M. or subcutaneous glucagon. D. 10 U of fast-acting insulin

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. 15 to 20 g of a fast-acting carbohydrate such as orange juice:
This is a standard and initial treatment for hypoglycemia. Fast-acting carbohydrates, like orange juice or glucose tablets, can quickly raise blood sugar levels. However, in the scenario described, the client is still conscious, and glucagon may be a more appropriate choice.

B. I.V. bolus of dextrose 50%:
Intravenous (IV) dextrose is a more aggressive intervention and is typically reserved for severe cases of hypoglycemia or for unconscious patients. It is not the first-line treatment for conscious patients.

C. I.M. or subcutaneous glucagon:
Glucagon is a hormone that raises blood sugar levels by promoting the conversion of stored glycogen in the liver to glucose. It is administered either intramuscularly (I.M.) or subcutaneously. In a conscious patient with hypoglycemia who cannot take oral carbohydrates, glucagon can be an effective and rapid way to raise blood sugar levels.

D. 10 U of fast-acting insulin:
Administering more insulin in a situation of hypoglycemia would worsen the condition. The goal in hypoglycemia is to raise blood sugar, and giving more insulin would have the opposite effect.

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The nurse understands causes of respiratory acidosis include: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes for the presence of peripheral neuropathy. The nurse should question the client about what sign or symptom that would suggest the possible development of peripheral neuropathy?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a female client with type 2 diabetes mellitus who exhibits confusion, light-headedness, and aberrant behavior. The client is still conscious. The nurse should first administer:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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