A patient is seeing the nurse practitioner for a 6 months checkup for diabetes mellitus. While reviewing the patient's lab results, which lab best represents the patient has good control of the disease?
Urinalysis shows trace protein
Hemoglobin A1C of 5.6%
Fasting blood glucose of 110 mg/dL
Urine ketones are negative
The Correct Answer is B
A. Urinalysis shows trace protein:
Explanation: While trace protein in the urine is generally better than higher levels, it doesn't provide a specific measure of blood glucose control. Protein in the urine can be an early sign of kidney damage in diabetes, but it doesn't directly indicate blood glucose control.
B. Hemoglobin A1C of 5.6%:
Explanation: Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) is a long-term indicator of blood glucose control. An HbA1C level of 5.6% is within the target range for individuals with diabetes and suggests good control of blood glucose over the past 2-3 months.
C. Fasting blood glucose of 110 mg/dL:
Explanation: Fasting blood glucose gives a snapshot of blood glucose at a specific moment. While 110 mg/dL is a fairly normal fasting level, it doesn't provide information about long-term control. A single fasting glucose measurement may not reflect overall glucose management.
D. Urine ketones are negative:
Explanation: Negative urine ketones indicate that the body is not currently using fat for energy. While this is a good sign in the moment, it doesn't give information about overall blood glucose control over time. Urine ketones can fluctuate based on various factors, including diet and activity level.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Increase the intake of vitamin E to enhance absorption:
While vitamin C can enhance iron absorption, vitamin E does not play a significant role in iron absorption. Vitamin C-rich foods can be advised to enhance iron absorption.
B. Iron will cause the stools to darken in color:
This statement is accurate. Iron supplements can cause stools to appear darker in color, often black or greenish-black. This change in stool color is normal and expected when taking iron supplements.
C. Take the iron with dairy products to enhance absorption:
Dairy products can inhibit iron absorption. It's better to take iron supplements with vitamin C-rich foods or orange juice to enhance absorption.
D. Limit foods high in fiber due to the risk for diarrhea:
Fiber-rich foods do not necessarily need to be limited when taking iron supplements. However, some individuals may experience constipation when taking iron supplements, in which case increasing fluid intake and dietary fiber can help alleviate constipation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Vitamin A Deficiency:
Symptoms: Enlarged tongue and smooth, beefy red appearance.
Relevance: Vitamin A deficiency is not typically associated with an enlarged tongue. It is more commonly linked to night blindness and skin issues.
B. Folic Acid Deficiency:
Symptoms: Enlarged tongue and smooth, beefy red appearance.
Relevance: Folic acid deficiency can lead to megaloblastic anemia and glossitis (inflammation of the tongue), which may present as an enlarged, smooth, and red tongue.
C. Vitamin B12 Deficiency:
Symptoms: Enlarged tongue and smooth, beefy red appearance.
Relevance: Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause pernicious anemia and glossitis, resulting in an enlarged, smooth, and red tongue.
D. Vitamin C Deficiency:
Symptoms: Not typically associated with an enlarged tongue.
Relevance: Vitamin C deficiency is more commonly associated with symptoms like scurvy, which includes bleeding gums, joint pain, and skin issues, but not specifically an enlarged tongue.
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