A medical nurse is caring for a patient with type 1 diabetes. The patient's medication administration record includes the administration of regular insulin three times daily. Knowing that the patient's dinner tray will arrive at 1645, when should the nurse administer the patient's insulin to ensure the onset of the insulin coincides with the start of the meal?

1645

1615

1545

1600

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Regular insulin typically begins to take effect 30 minutes after administration. Administering insulin at the time of the meal (1645) would not allow enough time for the insulin to reach its onset of action, potentially resulting in the blood glucose level being high during the meal.

B. Regular insulin has an onset of action of 30 minutes. By administering the insulin at 1615, it will start to take effect by 1645, when the meal arrives, and help ensure the insulin action aligns with the meal, preventing postprandial hyperglycemia.

C. Administering insulin at 1545 would be too early and could lead to the insulin peaking before the meal, which could result in hypoglycemia if the insulin peak occurs before the patient has food to absorb the glucose.

D. Administering insulin at 1600 would result in the insulin starting to work too soon, with the onset happening before the meal and possibly leading to hypoglycemia if the insulin peaks before the meal is consumed.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "The test needs to be repeated following a 12-hour fast."
This statement is not accurate. The hemoglobin A1c test does not require fasting. It reflects the average blood glucose levels over the past two to three months and is not affected by short-term changes in diet or fasting.

B. "It tells us about your sugar control for the last 3 months."
This statement is accurate. The hemoglobin A1c test provides information about the average blood glucose levels over the past two to three months. It's a valuable tool for assessing long-term glycemic control.

C. "It looks like you aren't following the prescribed diabetic diet."
The hemoglobin A1c test reflects overall glycemic control over several months and is not solely influenced by recent dietary habits. While diet plays a role in diabetes management, this statement oversimplifies the interpretation of the A1c result.

D. "Your insulin regimen needs to be altered significantly."
While a high A1c may indicate a need for adjustments in the treatment plan, the decision to alter the insulin regimen should be based on a comprehensive assessment of the patient's overall diabetes management, including lifestyle, diet, and other factors. It may not solely be determined by the A1c result.

A. Management of diabetic ketoacidosis B. Signs and symptoms of diabetic neuropathy C. Effects of surgery and pregnancy on blood sugar levels D. Recognition of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Management of diabetic ketoacidosis:
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a severe complication of diabetes characterized by high blood sugar, ketones in the urine, and metabolic acidosis. While it's crucial to understand how to manage DKA, this may be considered more advanced knowledge and may not be categorized as a basic survival skill for someone newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes.

B. Signs and symptoms of diabetic neuropathy:
Diabetic neuropathy is a long-term complication that involves damage to the nerves due to prolonged high blood sugar levels. While understanding neuropathy is important for long-term health, it may not be the first topic addressed as a basic survival skill for someone newly diagnosed.

C. Effects of surgery and pregnancy on blood sugar levels:
Understanding how surgery and pregnancy can affect blood sugar levels is important for managing diabetes in specific situations. However, this knowledge might be considered more advanced and may not be the initial focus for someone just starting to learn about diabetes self-care.

D. Recognition of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia:
Recognizing the signs and symptoms of both low and high blood sugar is essential for immediate self-care. This includes understanding when blood sugar is too low (hypoglycemia) and requires prompt treatment, as well as recognizing the symptoms of high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) and knowing how to address them. This knowledge is fundamental for the daily management and well-being of someone with diabetes.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A male client with type 1 diabetes mellitus with a hemoglobin A1c test result of 12.7%. In discussing the result with the client, the nurse would be most accurate in stating:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is teaching basic "survival skills" to a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Which topic will the nurse address address?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is conducting a class on how to self-manage insulin regimens. A client asks how long a vial of insulin can be stored at room temperature before it "goes bad." What would be the nurse's best answer?

A nurse is providing education to a client with iron deficiency anemia who has been prescribed iron supplements. What should the nurse include in health education?

A nurse is caring for a patient with Addison's Disease. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

The nurse teaches a diabetic client about Sick Day Rules. Which patient statement or statements indicate understanding of the Sick Day Rules? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

A diabetes educator is teaching a patient about type 2 diabetes. The educator recognizes that the patient understands the primary treatment for type 2 diabetes when the patient states what?

A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes for the presence of peripheral neuropathy. The nurse should question the client about what sign or symptom that would suggest the possible development of peripheral neuropathy?