The nurse is preparing to administer Insulin Lispro (Humalog) to a client with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus for carbohydrate coverage. The nurse understands the injection should be administered:

with the meal

post-prandial

pre-prandial

AC/HS

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. With the meal:
Insulin Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin that is designed to be taken just before or with meals.
It helps control the rise in blood sugar that occurs after eating.

B. Post-prandial:
"Post-prandial" refers to after a meal. Insulin Lispro is usually administered before or with a meal to cover the increase in blood glucose that happens after eating.

C. Pre-prandial:
"Pre-prandial" refers to before a meal. This is accurate for Insulin Lispro, as it is given shortly before or with meals.

D. AC/HS:
"AC" stands for "ante cibum," which means before meals, and "HS" stands for "hora somni," which means at bedtime. This terminology is more commonly associated with the timing of oral medications rather than insulin.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Respiratory acidosis:
This occurs when there is inadequate removal of carbon dioxide (CO2) by the respiratory system. In the case of the patient post-op from knee surgery receiving Morphine, the opioid can cause respiratory depression, leading to the retention of CO2 and the development of respiratory acidosis. Signs include a decreased respiratory rate and drowsiness.

B. Hypokalemia:
This is a condition characterized by low levels of potassium in the blood. While opioids can cause constipation, they are not directly associated with hypokalemia.

C. Metabolic acidosis:
This occurs when there is an increase in acid production or a loss of bicarbonate, leading to an imbalance in the body's acid-base status. The symptoms of metabolic acidosis are not typically associated with opioid use.

D. Respiratory alkalosis:
This occurs when there is excessive elimination of CO2, leading to decreased carbon dioxide levels in the blood. Opioids, especially in higher doses, are more likely to cause respiratory depression and acidosis rather than alkalosis. The patient's low respiratory rate and drowsiness are indicative of respiratory acidosis rather than alkalosis.

A. pH 7.28, pCO2 36, HCO3 23 B. pH 7.52, pCO2 28, HCO3 25 C. pH 7.25, pCO2 50, HCO3 22 D. pH7.35, pCO2 40, HCO3 24

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. pH 7.28, pCO2 36, HCO3 23:
Explanation: The pH is low, indicating acidosis. However, the pCO2 is within the normal range, which is not consistent with respiratory acidosis. The HCO3 is slightly low but not significantly, and this doesn't align with typical findings in respiratory acidosis.

B. pH 7.52, pCO2 28, HCO3 25:
Explanation: The pH is high, indicating alkalosis. The pCO2 is below the normal range, which is not consistent with respiratory acidosis. The HCO3 is within the normal range, and these values are not typical for respiratory acidosis.

C. pH 7.25, pCO2 50, HCO3 22:
Explanation: The pH is low, indicating acidosis. The pCO2 is elevated, which is typical in respiratory acidosis. The HCO3 is within the normal range, suggesting uncompensated respiratory acidosis.

D. pH 7.35, pCO2 40, HCO3 24:
Explanation: The pH is within the normal range, and both pCO2 and HCO3 are normal. These values do not indicate acidosis.

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The nurse is preparing to administer Insulin Lispro (Humalog) to a client with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus for carbohydrate coverage. The nurse understands the injection should be administered:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient is post-op from knee surgery. The patient has been receiving Morphine 4 mg IV every 2 hours. The nurse notices the patient is exhibiting a respiratory rate of 8 and is extremely drowsy. Which of the following conditions is the patient at risk for?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse reviews the blood gas results of a client with atelectasis. The nurse analyzes the results and determines that the client is experiencing respiratory acidosis. Which results validate the nurse's findings?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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