A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus and peripheral neuropathy is seeing the nurse to review foot care. What would be a priority instruction for the nurse to give the client?

Avoid the use of moisturizing lotions.

Examine feet weekly for redness, blisters, and abrasions.

Dry feet vigorously after each bath.

Avoid hot-water bottles and heating pads.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Avoid the use of moisturizing lotions.
This statement is not a priority instruction. Moisturizing lotions, especially those designed for diabetic foot care, can help prevent dry skin and complications. However, it's crucial to choose appropriate, diabetes-friendly moisturizers.

B. Examine feet weekly for redness, blisters, and abrasions.
This is an important and relevant instruction. Regular foot inspections help detect any signs of injury or infection early, preventing complications, especially for individuals with peripheral neuropathy.

C. Dry feet vigorously after each bath.
This statement is not advisable. Vigorous drying can potentially harm the skin, especially for individuals with diabetes. A gentle and thorough drying is recommended to prevent skin damage.

D. Avoid hot-water bottles and heating pads.
This is a priority instruction. Patients with peripheral neuropathy may have reduced sensation in their feet, making them more susceptible to burns. Avoiding sources of excessive heat helps prevent injuries.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Aspirin Toxicity:
Effect on Blood Gases: Aspirin toxicity can cause respiratory alkalosis due to increased respiratory rate (hyperventilation), leading to a decreased PaCO2 and increased pH.
Relation to Given Blood Gases: It could potentially cause the observed blood gas values (low PaCO2 and high pH), making it a possible cause.

B. Fever:
Effect on Blood Gases: Fever might cause hyperventilation, resulting in respiratory alkalosis with decreased PaCO2 and increased pH.
Relation to Given Blood Gases: It could potentially cause the observed blood gas values.

C. Anxiety Attack:
Effect on Blood Gases: Anxiety attacks can lead to hyperventilation and subsequent respiratory alkalosis with low PaCO2 and high pH.
Relation to Given Blood Gases: It could potentially cause the observed blood gas values.

D. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD):
Effect on Blood Gases: COPD typically causes respiratory acidosis due to impaired gas exchange, resulting in elevated PaCO2 and decreased pH.
Relation to Given Blood Gases: COPD wouldn't typically cause the observed blood gas values of low PaCO2 and high pH.

A. Increase the intake of vitamin E to enhance absorption. B. Iron will cause the stools to darken in color. C. Take the iron with dairy products to enhance absorption. D. Limit foods high in fiber due to the risk for diarrhea.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Increase the intake of vitamin E to enhance absorption:
Explanation: Iron absorption can be enhanced by taking vitamin C, not vitamin E. Therefore, this statement is not accurate.
B. Iron will cause the stools to darken in color:
Explanation: This statement is accurate. Iron supplements can cause stools to become darker in color. This is a common and harmless side effect.

C. Take the iron with dairy products to enhance absorption:
Explanation: Calcium-containing foods and supplements can inhibit the absorption of iron. Therefore, it is recommended to avoid taking iron supplements with dairy products.

D. Limit foods high in fiber due to the risk for diarrhea:
Explanation: Iron supplements can cause constipation, not diarrhea. Therefore, limiting foods high in fiber is not necessary.

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A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus and peripheral neuropathy is seeing the nurse to review foot care. What would be a priority instruction for the nurse to give the client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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