A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus and peripheral neuropathy is seeing the nurse to review foot care. What would be a priority instruction for the nurse to give the client?
Avoid the use of moisturizing lotions.
Examine feet weekly for redness, blisters, and abrasions.
Dry feet vigorously after each bath.
Avoid hot-water bottles and heating pads.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Avoid the use of moisturizing lotions.
This statement is not a priority instruction. Moisturizing lotions, especially those designed for diabetic foot care, can help prevent dry skin and complications. However, it's crucial to choose appropriate, diabetes-friendly moisturizers.
B. Examine feet weekly for redness, blisters, and abrasions.
This is an important and relevant instruction. Regular foot inspections help detect any signs of injury or infection early, preventing complications, especially for individuals with peripheral neuropathy.
C. Dry feet vigorously after each bath.
This statement is not advisable. Vigorous drying can potentially harm the skin, especially for individuals with diabetes. A gentle and thorough drying is recommended to prevent skin damage.
D. Avoid hot-water bottles and heating pads.
This is a priority instruction. Patients with peripheral neuropathy may have reduced sensation in their feet, making them more susceptible to burns. Avoiding sources of excessive heat helps prevent injuries.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. To prevent post-prandial hypoglycemia:
This statement is not accurate. Insulin Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin used for mealtime coverage to manage post-prandial glucose levels, but it is not given to prevent hypoglycemia.
B. To treat the carbohydrates the client ate:
This statement is more accurate. Insulin Lispro is used to cover the rise in blood sugar that occurs after meals. It helps regulate glucose levels by managing the effect of ingested carbohydrates.
C. To treat the client's blood glucose level:
This statement is generally correct. Insulin Lispro is administered to manage and lower elevated blood glucose levels, especially in response to meals.
D. As a basal dose to prevent hyperglycemia for up to 24 hours:
This statement is incorrect. Insulin Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin and is not used for basal (long-acting) coverage. Basal insulin is usually provided by long-acting insulin formulations.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Respiratory Acidosis:
Explanation: Respiratory acidosis occurs when there is inadequate elimination of carbon dioxide, leading to an increase in PaCO2 and a decrease in blood pH. This is typically associated with conditions that impair ventilation.
B. Metabolic Alkalosis:
Explanation: Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by an elevated blood pH and bicarbonate (HCO3-) concentration. It is not directly caused by hyperventilation but is often associated with conditions such as excessive vomiting or excessive bicarbonate intake.
C. Metabolic Acidosis:
Explanation: Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a decrease in blood pH and bicarbonate concentration. It is not directly caused by hyperventilation but may result from conditions such as diabetic ketoacidosis or lactic acidosis.
D. Respiratory Alkalosis:
Explanation: Hyperventilation is the most common cause of respiratory alkalosis. During hyperventilation, there is an excessive loss of carbon dioxide (CO2) through rapid breathing, leading to a decrease in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) in the blood. This results in an increase in blood pH, causing an alkalotic state.
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