A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus and peripheral neuropathy is seeing the nurse to review foot care. What would be a priority instruction for the nurse to give the client?

Avoid the use of moisturizing lotions.

Examine feet weekly for redness, blisters, and abrasions.

Dry feet vigorously after each bath.

Avoid hot-water bottles and heating pads.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Avoid the use of moisturizing lotions.
This statement is not a priority instruction. Moisturizing lotions, especially those designed for diabetic foot care, can help prevent dry skin and complications. However, it's crucial to choose appropriate, diabetes-friendly moisturizers.

B. Examine feet weekly for redness, blisters, and abrasions.
This is an important and relevant instruction. Regular foot inspections help detect any signs of injury or infection early, preventing complications, especially for individuals with peripheral neuropathy.

C. Dry feet vigorously after each bath.
This statement is not advisable. Vigorous drying can potentially harm the skin, especially for individuals with diabetes. A gentle and thorough drying is recommended to prevent skin damage.

D. Avoid hot-water bottles and heating pads.
This is a priority instruction. Patients with peripheral neuropathy may have reduced sensation in their feet, making them more susceptible to burns. Avoiding sources of excessive heat helps prevent injuries.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "When I went to the restroom the last few days, my urine smelled odd."
Changes in the smell of urine can be associated with various conditions, including diabetes. However, it's not a specific symptom.

B. "I've always been a fan of sweet foods, but lately I'm turned off by them."
A change in taste preferences may not be directly related to diabetes. It's not a typical symptom.

C. "No matter how much sleep I get, it seems to take me hours to wake up."
Fatigue and difficulty waking up are general symptoms that can be caused by various factors, including diabetes. However, it's not specific to diabetes alone.

D. "Lately, I drink a lot, but I can't seem to quench my thirst."
Excessive thirst (polydipsia) and increased urination (polyuria) are classic symptoms of diabetes, suggesting elevated blood sugar levels.

A. Respiratory acidosis B. Hypokalemia C. Metabolic acidosis D. Respiratory alkalosis

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Respiratory acidosis:
This occurs when there is inadequate removal of carbon dioxide (CO2) by the respiratory system. In the case of the patient post-op from knee surgery receiving Morphine, the opioid can cause respiratory depression, leading to the retention of CO2 and the development of respiratory acidosis. Signs include a decreased respiratory rate and drowsiness.

B. Hypokalemia:
This is a condition characterized by low levels of potassium in the blood. While opioids can cause constipation, they are not directly associated with hypokalemia.

C. Metabolic acidosis:
This occurs when there is an increase in acid production or a loss of bicarbonate, leading to an imbalance in the body's acid-base status. The symptoms of metabolic acidosis are not typically associated with opioid use.

D. Respiratory alkalosis:
This occurs when there is excessive elimination of CO2, leading to decreased carbon dioxide levels in the blood. Opioids, especially in higher doses, are more likely to cause respiratory depression and acidosis rather than alkalosis. The patient's low respiratory rate and drowsiness are indicative of respiratory acidosis rather than alkalosis.

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A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus and peripheral neuropathy is seeing the nurse to review foot care. What would be a priority instruction for the nurse to give the client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An occupational health nurse is screen a group of workers for diabetes. What statement should the nurse interpret as being suggestive of diabetes?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A patient is post-op from knee surgery. The patient has been receiving Morphine 4 mg IV every 2 hours. The nurse notices the patient is exhibiting a respiratory rate of 8 and is extremely drowsy. Which of the following conditions is the patient at risk for?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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