A nurse is assisting with teaching a class on ethical principles. The nurse should include that protecting a client's safety by not causing harm refers to which of the following ethical principles?

Explanation:

A. "I will keep my walker at the end of my bed."

Keeping the walker at the end of the bed is generally a good practice for accessibility and mobility support, especially for clients who use walkers to assist with walking. However, this statement alone does not directly address falls prevention strategies or indicate a comprehensive understanding of home safety measures related to falls.

B. "I will place an area rug at the entry of my bathroom."

Placing an area rug at the entry of the bathroom can actually increase the risk of falls rather than prevent them. Area rugs are common tripping hazards, especially in areas where water or moisture may be present (like bathrooms). This statement indicates a potential misunderstanding of falls prevention strategies because it suggests an action that could contribute to falls rather than prevent them.

C. "I will place a bath seat in my shower to use when I bathe."

This statement demonstrates a clear understanding of falls prevention strategies. Placing a bath seat in the shower is a proactive measure to enhance safety during bathing, as it provides stability and reduces the risk of slipping and falling on wet surfaces. Using assistive devices like a bath seat is recommended for individuals with a history of falls or balance issues.

D. "I will keep the fluorescent ceiling light on in my room at night."

Keeping the room well-lit at night is beneficial for falls prevention, as adequate lighting can help individuals see potential hazards and navigate their environment safely. While this statement reflects a general awareness of falls prevention principles related to lighting, it is not as specific or directly related to falls prevention during activities like bathing (as mentioned in option C).

Explanation:

A. Place the head of the client's bed flat:

This action is not appropriate because lying flat can worsen dyspnea in many cases. It can restrict lung expansion and make breathing more difficult. Instead, the nurse should elevate the head of the bed or position the client in a semi-Fowler's or high-Fowler's position to facilitate easier breathing.

B. Perform nasotracheal suctioning for the client:

Nasotracheal suctioning is not indicated for dyspnea unless there is a specific medical reason, such as airway obstruction or excessive secretions. Performing suctioning without a clear indication can cause discomfort and may not address the underlying cause of dyspnea.

C. Increase the heat in the client's room:

Adjusting the room temperature is generally not a direct intervention for dyspnea. While maintaining a comfortable environment is important, dyspnea is usually managed through other means such as medication and positioning.

D. Administer an opioid narcotic to the client:

This is the most appropriate action among the choices provided. Opioid narcotics, such as morphine, are commonly used to alleviate dyspnea in end-of-life care. They help reduce the sensation of breathlessness, calm respiratory distress, and improve overall comfort for the client.