A nurse is giving change-of-shift report using the SBAR technique about a client who has a traumatic brain injury. When reporting information about the client, which of the following should the nurse include in the situation segment of SBAR?

Explanation:

A. Questioning: This step involves asking relevant questions to gather information and clarify understanding. It's about exploring the problem or situation, identifying key issues, and seeking information to guide decision-making and problem-solving.

B. Creativity: This step involves generating new ideas, solutions, or perspectives to address a problem or situation. It often involves thinking outside the box, considering alternative approaches, and fostering innovation in problem-solving.

C. Analysis: This step involves examining and evaluating information, data, or evidence to understand its meaning, relevance, and implications. It includes breaking down complex information into manageable parts, identifying patterns or relationships, and drawing conclusions based on evidence.

D. Intuition: This step involves relying on gut feelings, instincts, or hunches to guide decision-making or problem-solving. While intuition can be a valuable aspect of critical thinking, it is not specifically focused on interpreting data but rather on using intuitive insights in combination with other critical thinking skills.

Explanation:

A. Material safety data sheets:

Material safety data sheets (MSDS) are documents that provide information about the properties of chemicals and substances, including hazards, handling, storage, and emergency procedures. While MSDS are crucial for ensuring safe handling of materials, they primarily focus on chemical safety and may not provide detailed guidance on specimen collection protocols. Therefore, while MSDS are essential references for safety, they are not the primary source for revising specimen collection protocols.

B. Evidence-based practice:

Evidence-based practice (EBP) involves integrating the best available evidence from research studies, clinical expertise, and patient values and preferences to make informed decisions about patient care. For revising protocols, nurses should rely heavily on evidence-based guidelines and research literature related to specimen collection techniques, safety measures, accuracy, and quality assurance. EBP ensures that protocols are based on the latest scientific evidence, leading to improved patient outcomes and quality of care.

C. Client medical records:

Client medical records contain detailed information about individual patients, including their medical history, diagnoses, treatments, and laboratory results. While medical records are valuable for understanding specific patient needs and conditions, they are not typically used as primary sources for developing or revising unit-wide protocols. However, reviewing medical records may provide insights into specific challenges or issues related to specimen collection for certain patients.

D. Facility policy and procedures:

Facility policy and procedures manuals outline the organization's guidelines, protocols, and standards of practice for various aspects of patient care, including specimen collection. Nurses should refer to facility policies and procedures to understand existing protocols, safety measures, documentation requirements, and quality control processes related to specimen collection. While facility policies are important references, they may need to be updated based on current evidence and best practices, which is where evidence-based practice comes into play.