A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed allopurinol. The nurse should recognize that this medication is primarily used to:

Increase urine output

Dissolve existing kidney stones

Reduce the formation of uric acid stones

Increase the excretion of calcium

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Allopurinol does not directly increase urine output. It is not a diuretic and is not used for that purpose.

B. Allopurinol does not dissolve existing kidney stones. It is primarily used to prevent the formation of uric acid stones, not to treat existing stones.

C. This is the correct answer. Allopurinol is a medication used to reduce the production of uric acid in the body. By lowering uric acid levels, it can help prevent the formation of uric acid stones.

D. Allopurinol does not increase the excretion of calcium. It is used specifically to address uric acid levels and prevent uric acid stone formation.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. This statement is not correct. Limiting intake of calcium is not necessary for the prevention of uric acid stones. In fact, low calcium intake can increase the risk of other types of stones.

B. This is the correct answer. Uric acid stones are formed from high levels of uric acid in the urine. Purine-rich foods can contribute to elevated uric acid levels, so avoiding these foods is important in managing uric acid stones.

C. Increasing consumption of oxalate-rich foods like spinach is not relevant to preventing uric acid stones.

D. Reducing fluid intake is not recommended for preventing any type of kidney stone. Adequate fluid intake is essential for kidney health and preventing stone formation.

A. "You will need to be placed under general anesthesia during the procedure." B. "The procedure involves the insertion of a scope into your urinary tract to remove the stone." C. "High-energy shock waves will be used to break up the stone into smaller fragments." D. "You will need to have a urinary catheter inserted after the procedure for several days."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) does not typically require general anesthesia. It is usually done under sedation or with the use of local anesthesia.

B. The procedure does not involve the insertion of a scope into the urinary tract. ESWL is a non-invasive procedure that uses shock waves to break up the stone from outside the body.

C. This is the correct answer. ESWL involves the use of high-energy shock waves that are focused on the stone to break it up into smaller fragments. The fragments are then passed out of the body through the urine.

D. A urinary catheter is not typically required after ESWL. The client may be encouraged to drink plenty of fluids to help flush out the stone fragments, but a catheter is not usually needed.

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A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed allopurinol. The nurse should recognize that this medication is primarily used to:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing education to a client with a history of uric acid stones. Which dietary recommendation should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client with renal calculus is scheduled for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). What information should the nurse provide to the client about this procedure?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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