A nurse is assessing a client with suspected renal calculi. The client reports experiencing sudden and severe pain in the right flank area that radiates to the groin. The nurse notes that the client is restless and unable to find a comfortable position. What type of renal calculi is most likely causing the client's symptoms?

Calcium oxalate stones

Uric acid stones

Struvite stones

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Calcium oxalate stones may cause pain, but they do not typically radiate to the groin. They are more likely to cause localized pain in the back or side.

B. This is the correct answer. Uric acid stones can cause sudden and severe pain that radiates from the back to the groin. The pain is often described as colicky and is associated with restlessness.

C. Struvite stones are typically associated with urinary tract infections and may not cause the sudden and severe pain described in the question.

D. Cystine stones are rare and are more likely to cause chronic, dull pain rather than sudden and severe pain.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Thiazide diuretics can lead to decreased calcium excretion in the urine, which may be beneficial for some clients with kidney stones. They are used to reduce the excretion of calcium and prevent the formation of calcium-based stones.

B. Hypernatremia is not directly related to thiazide diuretic use. Thiazide diuretics primarily affect sodium excretion in the urine, but they do not typically cause hypernatremia.

C. This is the correct answer. Thiazide diuretics can cause hypokalemia (low potassium levels) as they increase potassium excretion in the urine.

D. Thiazide diuretics do not cause hypermagnesemia. They do not have a significant effect on magnesium excretion in the urine.

Questions

A. Sharp, stabbing pain in the lower abdomen B. Dull ache in the upper back and flank region C. Burning sensation during urination D. Constant, generalized abdominal discomfort

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Sharp, stabbing pain in the lower abdomen is not typically associated with kidney stones. Kidney stone pain is usually felt in the back and flank regions of the body.

B. This is the correct answer. The pain caused by kidney stones is often described as a dull ache in the upper back and flank region, usually on the affected side where the kidney is located.

C. Burning sensation during urination is more commonly associated with urinary tract infections or inflammation of the urethra, not kidney stones.

D. Constant, generalized abdominal discomfort is not a specific symptom of kidney stones. Kidney stone pain is usually more localized to the back and flank regions.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed a thiazide diuretic. The nurse should monitor the client's laboratory values for which electrolyte imbalance?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client with suspected renal calculus. Which of the following symptoms is most indicative of kidney stone pain?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client asks the nurse, "What can I do to prevent kidney stones from forming again?" Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

A nurse is assessing a client with suspected renal calculus. Which of the following symptoms may accompany kidney stone pain if the stone causes obstruction in the urinary tract?

A nurse is teaching a client with a history of struvite stones about dietary modifications to prevent stone recurrence. Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

A client with renal calculus is scheduled for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). What information should the nurse provide to the client about this procedure?

A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed allopurinol. The nurse should recognize that this medication is primarily used to:

A nurse is teaching a client about dietary modifications to prevent the recurrence of calcium oxalate stones. Which instruction should the nurse include?

A client with a history of recurrent renal calculi asks the nurse, "What are the common risk factors for developing kidney stones?" What is the nurse's best response?

A client with renal calculus presents to the clinic with severe pain. The nurse notes that the client is restless, pacing, and unable to find a comfortable position. Which additional symptom is the client most likely to report?