A nurse is assessing a client with suspected renal calculi. The client reports experiencing sudden and severe pain in the right flank area that radiates to the groin. The nurse notes that the client is restless and unable to find a comfortable position. What type of renal calculi is most likely causing the client's symptoms?

Calcium oxalate stones

Uric acid stones

Struvite stones

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Calcium oxalate stones may cause pain, but they do not typically radiate to the groin. They are more likely to cause localized pain in the back or side.

B. This is the correct answer. Uric acid stones can cause sudden and severe pain that radiates from the back to the groin. The pain is often described as colicky and is associated with restlessness.

C. Struvite stones are typically associated with urinary tract infections and may not cause the sudden and severe pain described in the question.

D. Cystine stones are rare and are more likely to cause chronic, dull pain rather than sudden and severe pain.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While increasing fluid intake can help with the passage of small stones, it is not likely to dissolve larger stones. The primary benefit of increased fluid intake is to help prevent the formation of new stones.

B. Drinking more fluids may help alleviate some discomfort, but the primary goal is not pain reduction.

C. This is the correct answer. Adequate fluid intake can help prevent the formation of new kidney stones by diluting the urine and reducing the concentration of minerals that can contribute to stone formation.

D. While adequate fluid intake can help reduce the risk of urinary tract infections, it is not the primary reason for recommending increased fluid intake in clients with kidney stones.

A. High dietary calcium intake B. Low protein diet C. Excessive water consumption D. Sedentary lifestyle

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This is the correct answer. High dietary calcium intake is a common risk factor for certain types of kidney stones, particularly calcium oxalate stones. However, dietary calcium intake from food sources is not typically associated with an increased risk of kidney stones. Calcium supplements, on the other hand, may contribute to stone formation.

B. A low protein diet is not a significant risk factor for kidney stones. High-protein diets may be associated with an increased risk, but low protein intake is not a concern.

C. Adequate water consumption is essential to prevent kidney stones. Dehydration is a risk factor for stone formation, but excessive water consumption alone is not a significant risk factor.

D. While a sedentary lifestyle may be associated with other health risks, it is not a primary risk factor for kidney stones.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with a small renal calculus is advised by the nurse to increase fluid intake. The client asks, "Why is this important?" Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is performing an assessment on a client with a history of recurrent kidney stones. Which risk factor is the nurse most likely to assess for in this client?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with renal calculi asks the nurse about the most common symptom of kidney stones. What is the nurse's best response?

A nurse is caring for a client who had a kidney stone removed through percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The nurse should closely monitor the client for which potential complication?

A client with a history of calcium oxalate stones asks the nurse, "Can I continue taking vitamin C supplements?" Which response by the nurse is appropriate?

A client asks the nurse, "What can I do to prevent kidney stones from forming again?" Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

A nurse is providing education to a client who has been diagnosed with renal calculus. Which lifestyle factor is the nurse most likely to address to reduce the risk of kidney stones?

A client has been diagnosed with uric acid stones. The nurse should recommend dietary modifications that include:

A nurse is providing postoperative care instructions to a client who underwent ureteroscopy for the removal of a kidney stone. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

A nurse is educating a client with calcium oxalate stones about dietary modifications. Which food should the nurse instruct the client to limit in their diet?