A nurse is assessing a client with suspected renal calculus. Which of the following symptoms is most indicative of kidney stone pain?

Sharp, stabbing pain in the lower abdomen

Dull ache in the upper back and flank region

Burning sensation during urination

Constant, generalized abdominal discomfort

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Sharp, stabbing pain in the lower abdomen is not typically associated with kidney stones. Kidney stone pain is usually felt in the back and flank regions of the body.

B. This is the correct answer. The pain caused by kidney stones is often described as a dull ache in the upper back and flank region, usually on the affected side where the kidney is located.

C. Burning sensation during urination is more commonly associated with urinary tract infections or inflammation of the urethra, not kidney stones.

D. Constant, generalized abdominal discomfort is not a specific symptom of kidney stones. Kidney stone pain is usually more localized to the back and flank regions.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Limiting fluid intake to 1 liter per day is not recommended to prevent kidney stone formation. Adequate hydration is essential to

help prevent stone formation, as it helps dilute the urine and reduce the concentration of minerals that can lead to stone formation.

B. Decreasing dietary fiber intake is not a preventive measure for kidney stones. In fact, increasing dietary fiber intake can be beneficial for overall health.

C. Reducing calcium intake from all sources is not recommended to prevent kidney stones. In some cases, reducing dietary calcium intake can actually increase the risk of certain types of kidney stones.

D. This is the correct answer. Increasing citric acid intake can help prevent certain types of kidney stones, such as calcium oxalate stones. Citric acid helps to bind calcium in the urine, reducing the risk of stone formation. Citric acid can be found in citrus fruits and juices, and the nurse may advise the client to include more of these foods in their diet.

A. Increasing the excretion of uric acid B. Reducing the excretion of calcium in the urine C. Increasing the pH of the urine D. Dissolving existing kidney stones

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Thiazide diuretics do not directly increase the excretion of uric acid. They are primarily used to reduce calcium excretion and prevent the formation of calcium-based stones.

B. This is the correct answer. Thiazide diuretics help reduce the excretion of calcium in the urine, which can be beneficial in preventing the formation of certain types of kidney stones, particularly calcium oxalate stones.

C. Thiazide diuretics do not directly increase the pH of the urine. They primarily reduce calcium excretion.

D. Thiazide diuretics do not dissolve existing kidney stones. They are used to prevent stone formation, not to treat existing stones.

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A nurse is assessing a client with suspected renal calculus. Which of the following symptoms is most indicative of kidney stone pain?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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