A nurse is providing education to a client who has been diagnosed with renal calculus. The client asks, "What causes kidney stones?" What is the nurse's best response?

"Kidney stones are caused by excessive consumption of fruits and vegetables."

"Kidney stones are primarily caused by genetic factors and family history."

"Kidney stones are the result of an overactive bladder and frequent urination."

"Kidney stones are formed due to the presence of minerals and salts in the urine."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Excessive consumption of fruits and vegetables is not a primary cause of kidney stones. Some specific types of fruits and vegetables may contribute to stone formation, but it is not a general cause.

B. While genetic factors and family history can play a role in kidney stone formation, they are not the primary cause. The presence of minerals and salts in the urine is the main contributing factor.

C. An overactive bladder and frequent urination are not direct causes of kidney stone formation. They may be related to other urinary conditions but not to the formation of kidney stones.

D. This is the correct answer. Kidney stones are formed when certain minerals and salts in the urine form solid crystals that can clump together and grow into stones.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Avoiding foods high in oxalate is more relevant to the prevention of calcium oxalate stones, not struvite stones.

B. Limiting intake of purine-rich foods is more relevant to the prevention of uric acid stones, not struvite stones.

C. This statement is not correct. Reducing calcium intake is not recommended for struvite stones. In fact, calcium is an essential nutrient for overall health.

D. This is the correct answer. Struvite stones are composed of magnesium, ammonium, and phosphate. Limiting the intake of high-phosphorus foods can help prevent the formation of these stones.

A. Reducing inflammation in the urinary tract B. Dissolving the stone in the kidney C. Relaxing the smooth muscle of the ureters D. Preventing bacterial growth in the urinary tract

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Alpha-blockers do not directly reduce inflammation in the urinary tract. They primarily work by relaxing the smooth muscle of the ureters, which can help ease the passage of kidney stones through the urinary tract.

B. Alpha-blockers do not dissolve kidney stones. They assist with stone passage by relaxing the ureters.

C. This is the correct answer. Alpha-blockers are prescribed to relax the smooth muscle of the ureters, allowing the stone to pass more easily through the urinary tract.

D. Alpha-blockers do not have a direct effect on preventing bacterial growth in the urinary tract. They are not antibiotics.

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A nurse is providing education to a client who has been diagnosed with renal calculus. The client asks, "What causes kidney stones?" What is the nurse's best response?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client with struvite stones. Which dietary recommendation should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client is prescribed alpha-blockers as part of the management of renal calculi. The nurse explains that these medications can help with stone passage by:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed a thiazide diuretic. The nurse should monitor the client's laboratory values for which electrolyte imbalance?

A client asks the nurse, "What can I do to prevent kidney stones from forming again?" Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed potassium citrate. Which statement by the client indicates understanding of the medication's purpose?

A nurse is providing education to a client about renal calculi. The client asks, "What are renal calculi?" What is the nurse's best response?

A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed allopurinol. The nurse should recognize that this medication is primarily used to:

A nurse is assessing a client with suspected renal calculus. Which of the following symptoms may accompany kidney stone pain if the stone causes obstruction in the urinary tract?

A client comes to the emergency room complaining of sudden, excruciating pain in the lower back and side. The nurse suspects renal calculus. Which term best describes this type of pain?