A nurse is providing education to a client who has been diagnosed with renal calculus. The client asks, "What causes kidney stones?" What is the nurse's best response?
"Kidney stones are caused by excessive consumption of fruits and vegetables."
"Kidney stones are primarily caused by genetic factors and family history."
"Kidney stones are the result of an overactive bladder and frequent urination."
"Kidney stones are formed due to the presence of minerals and salts in the urine."
The Correct Answer is D
A. Excessive consumption of fruits and vegetables is not a primary cause of kidney stones. Some specific types of fruits and vegetables may contribute to stone formation, but it is not a general cause.
B. While genetic factors and family history can play a role in kidney stone formation, they are not the primary cause. The presence of minerals and salts in the urine is the main contributing factor.
C. An overactive bladder and frequent urination are not direct causes of kidney stone formation. They may be related to other urinary conditions but not to the formation of kidney stones.
D. This is the correct answer. Kidney stones are formed when certain minerals and salts in the urine form solid crystals that can clump together and grow into stones.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Reducing calcium intake is not typically recommended for uric acid stones. In fact, low calcium intake can increase the risk of other types of kidney stones.
B. Increasing consumption of red meat and shellfish is not recommended for uric acid stones. These foods are high in purines, which can increase uric acid levels in the body.
C. This is the correct answer. Uric acid stones are formed from high levels of uric acid in the urine. Purine-rich foods can contribute to elevated uric acid levels, so limiting these foods is important in managing uric acid stones.
D. Increasing intake of oxalate-rich foods is not specifically relevant to uric acid stones. Oxalate-rich foods are associated with calcium oxalate stones, not uric acid stones.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. This statement is not correct. Limiting intake of calcium is not necessary for the prevention of uric acid stones. In fact, low calcium intake can increase the risk of other types of stones.
B. This is the correct answer. Uric acid stones are formed from high levels of uric acid in the urine. Purine-rich foods can contribute to elevated uric acid levels, so avoiding these foods is important in managing uric acid stones.
C. Increasing consumption of oxalate-rich foods like spinach is not relevant to preventing uric acid stones.
D. Reducing fluid intake is not recommended for preventing any type of kidney stone. Adequate fluid intake is essential for kidney health and preventing stone formation.
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