A client with a history of calcium oxalate kidney stones asks the nurse, "What dietary modifications can I make to reduce the risk of stone recurrence?" What is the nurse's best response?
"Limit your intake of foods high in oxalate, such as spinach and nuts."
"Increase your dietary intake of red meat and fish."
"Consume more carbonated beverages to improve kidney function."
"Avoid dairy products to prevent calcium oxalate stone formation."
The Correct Answer is A
A. This is the correct answer. Calcium oxalate stones are common, and limiting the intake of foods high in oxalate, such as spinach, nuts, and certain other vegetables and fruits, can help reduce the risk of stone recurrence.
B. Increasing the intake of red meat and fish is not recommended to prevent calcium oxalate stones. In fact, high intake of animal protein may increase the risk of certain types of stones, such as uric acid stones.
C. Consuming carbonated beverages is not recommended to improve kidney function or prevent kidney stones. Some carbonated beverages may contain phosphoric acid, which can contribute to stone formation.
D. Avoiding dairy products is not recommended to prevent calcium oxalate stone formation. In fact, adequate dietary calcium intake from food sources may help reduce the risk of these stones.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. This is the correct answer. High dietary calcium intake is a common risk factor for certain types of kidney stones, particularly calcium oxalate stones. However, dietary calcium intake from food sources is not typically associated with an increased risk of kidney stones. Calcium supplements, on the other hand, may contribute to stone formation.
B. A low protein diet is not a significant risk factor for kidney stones. High-protein diets may be associated with an increased risk, but low protein intake is not a concern.
C. Adequate water consumption is essential to prevent kidney stones. Dehydration is a risk factor for stone formation, but excessive water consumption alone is not a significant risk factor.
D. While a sedentary lifestyle may be associated with other health risks, it is not a primary risk factor for kidney stones.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Allopurinol does not directly increase urine output. It is not a diuretic and is not used for that purpose.
B. Allopurinol does not dissolve existing kidney stones. It is primarily used to prevent the formation of uric acid stones, not to treat existing stones.
C. This is the correct answer. Allopurinol is a medication used to reduce the production of uric acid in the body. By lowering uric acid levels, it can help prevent the formation of uric acid stones.
D. Allopurinol does not increase the excretion of calcium. It is used specifically to address uric acid levels and prevent uric acid stone formation.
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