A client with renal calculi asks the nurse about the most common symptom of kidney stones. What is the nurse's best response?

A. This statement is not correct. Increasing dairy product intake may provide calcium, which is important for overall health, but it is not a specific dietary modification to prevent struvite stones.

B. This is the correct answer. Struvite stones are composed of magnesium, ammonium, and phosphate. Limiting the intake of high-phosphorus foods can help prevent the formation of these stones.

C. Avoiding foods high in purines is more relevant to the prevention of uric acid stones, not struvite stones.

D. Limiting fluid intake is

not recommended for the prevention of struvite stones. Adequate fluid intake is essential in preventing stone formation.

A. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) does not typically require general anesthesia. It is usually done under sedation or with the use of local anesthesia.

B. The procedure does not involve the insertion of a scope into the urinary tract. ESWL is a non-invasive procedure that uses shock waves to break up the stone from outside the body.

C. This is the correct answer. ESWL involves the use of high-energy shock waves that are focused on the stone to break it up into smaller fragments. The fragments are then passed out of the body through the urine.

D. A urinary catheter is not typically required after ESWL. The client may be encouraged to drink plenty of fluids to help flush out the stone fragments, but a catheter is not usually needed.

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