A client with a history of recurrent renal calculi asks the nurse, "What are the common risk factors for developing kidney stones?" What is the nurse's best response?

"The primary risk factor for kidney stones is excessive water intake."

"Risk factors for kidney stones include a sedentary lifestyle and low dietary calcium intake."

"Family history, high protein diet, and dehydration are common risk factors for kidney stones."

"Kidney stones are mostly caused by consuming too many fruits and vegetables."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Excessive water intake is not a risk factor for kidney stones. In fact, adequate hydration is encouraged to prevent kidney stone formation.

B. Low dietary calcium intake is not a common risk factor for kidney stones. In some cases, excessive calcium supplementation may be a risk factor, but dietary calcium is generally not a concern.

C. This is the correct answer. Family history, a diet high in protein and salt, and dehydration are common risk factors for kidney stones.

D. Kidney stones are not mostly caused by consuming too many fruits and vegetables. Fruits and vegetables are generally considered beneficial for kidney health.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Diarrhea and abdominal cramping are not typically associated with kidney stone pain. These symptoms are more commonly seen in gastrointestinal disorders.

B. Painful and frequent urination may occur if the stone causes irritation in the bladder or urethra, but it is not a direct symptom of kidney stone pain.

C. Fatigue and generalized weakness are not specific symptoms of kidney stone pain. They may be associated with other medical conditions but are not directly related to renal calculus.

D. This is the correct answer. Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms that may accompany kidney stone pain, especially if the stone causes obstruction in the urinary tract. The pain and irritation can trigger a reflex that leads to nausea and vomiting.

A. "You will need to be placed under general anesthesia during the procedure." B. "The procedure involves the insertion of a scope into your urinary tract to remove the stone." C. "High-energy shock waves will be used to break up the stone into smaller fragments." D. "You will need to have a urinary catheter inserted after the procedure for several days."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) does not typically require general anesthesia. It is usually done under sedation or with the use of local anesthesia.

B. The procedure does not involve the insertion of a scope into the urinary tract. ESWL is a non-invasive procedure that uses shock waves to break up the stone from outside the body.

C. This is the correct answer. ESWL involves the use of high-energy shock waves that are focused on the stone to break it up into smaller fragments. The fragments are then passed out of the body through the urine.

D. A urinary catheter is not typically required after ESWL. The client may be encouraged to drink plenty of fluids to help flush out the stone fragments, but a catheter is not usually needed.

Questions

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A client with a history of recurrent renal calculi asks the nurse, "What are the common risk factors for developing kidney stones?" What is the nurse's best response?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client with suspected renal calculus. Which of the following symptoms may accompany kidney stone pain if the stone causes obstruction in the urinary tract?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with renal calculus is scheduled for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). What information should the nurse provide to the client about this procedure?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed thiazide diuretics. The nurse should recognize that these medications help prevent stone formation by:

A client is diagnosed with a large kidney stone that is not passing spontaneously. The nurse should anticipate that which procedure may be recommended to remove the stone?

A nurse is caring for a client with struvite stones. Which dietary recommendation should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

A nurse is providing postoperative care instructions to a client who underwent ureteroscopy for the removal of a kidney stone. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

A nurse is teaching a client about dietary modifications to prevent the recurrence of calcium oxalate stones. Which instruction should the nurse include?

A client with a small renal calculus is advised by the nurse to increase fluid intake. The client asks, "Why is this important?" Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

A nurse is caring for a client with a history of recurrent kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the client's discharge teaching to help prevent stone formation?