A client with a history of renal calculus is prescribed potassium citrate. Which of the following is the primary purpose of this medication?

Pain relief

Acid-base balance regulation

Urinary tract infection treatment

Dissolution of stones

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Pain relief is important in managing kidney stone pain, but potassium citrate is not primarily prescribed for this purpose.

B. Acid-base balance regulation may be one of the functions of potassium citrate, but it is not the primary purpose when prescribed to a client with renal calculus.

C. Urinary tract infection treatment is not the primary purpose of potassium citrate. While it may have some benefits in preventing certain types of urinary tract infections associated with stones, its primary purpose is not to treat infections.

D. This is the correct answer. Potassium citrate is prescribed to help dissolve certain types of kidney stones, particularly calcium oxalate stones and uric acid stones. It works by increasing the pH of the urine, making it more alkaline and less conducive to stone formation.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This is the correct answer. After percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), the client may experience urinary retention due to swelling and irritation around the bladder or urethra from the procedure. The nurse should monitor the client for signs of urinary retention, such as difficulty urinating or a distended bladder, and take appropriate measures to relieve the obstruction.

B. Hyperkalemia is not directly related to PCNL. It may occur in certain medical conditions but is not a common complication of this procedure.

C. Hypoglycemia is not related to PCNL. It is a condition related to low blood sugar levels and is not a typical complication of kidney stone removal.

D. Hypertension is not directly related to PCNL. While some clients with hypertension may be at increased risk for kidney stones, hypertension is not a common complication of PCNL itself.

Questions

A. Fever and chills B. Blood in the urine C. Difficulty starting the urine stream D. Frequent urge to urinate

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Fever and chills are more commonly associated with a urinary tract infection, which can sometimes be a complication of kidney stones. However, the severe pain described is more likely related to the presence of the stone itself.

B. This is the correct answer. Blood in the urine, also known as hematuria, is a common symptom of kidney stones. As the stone moves through the urinary tract, it may cause irritation and small blood vessels may be damaged, resulting in blood in the urine.

C. Difficulty starting the urine stream is not a specific symptom of kidney stones. It may be seen in other urinary conditions but is not typically associated with stones.

D. The frequent urge to urinate may be experienced if the stone causes irritation in the bladder, but it is not the most common symptom associated with kidney stones.

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A client with a history of renal calculus is prescribed potassium citrate. Which of the following is the primary purpose of this medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who had a kidney stone removed through percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The nurse should closely monitor the client for which potential complication?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with renal calculus presents to the clinic with severe pain. The nurse notes that the client is restless, pacing, and unable to find a comfortable position. Which additional symptom is the client most likely to report?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is performing an assessment on a client with a history of recurrent kidney stones. Which risk factor is the nurse most likely to assess for in this client?

A client with recurrent kidney stones is prescribed thiazide diuretics. The nurse should recognize that these medications help prevent stone formation by:

A nurse is teaching a client with a history of struvite stones about dietary modifications to prevent stone recurrence. Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

A client with a history of kidney stones asks the nurse, "What can I do to prevent future kidney stones?" What is the nurse's best response?

A nurse is assessing a client with suspected renal calculus. Which of the following symptoms may accompany kidney stone pain if the stone causes obstruction in the urinary tract?

A client is diagnosed with a large kidney stone that is not passing spontaneously. The nurse should anticipate that which procedure may be recommended to remove the stone?

A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed potassium citrate. Which statement by the client indicates understanding of the medication's purpose?