A client is diagnosed with a large kidney stone that is not passing spontaneously. The nurse should anticipate that which procedure may be recommended to remove the stone?
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL)
Ureteroscopy with laser lithotripsy
Cystoscopy with stent placement
The Correct Answer is B
A. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is typically used for smaller stones that can be broken up into smaller fragments and passed more easily. It is not usually recommended for large stones.
B. This is the correct answer. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a procedure used to remove larger kidney stones. It involves making a small incision in the back and inserting a nephroscope to directly visualize and remove the stone.
C. Ureteroscopy with laser lithotripsy is used for stones in the ureter, not in the kidney itself.
D. Cystoscopy with stent placement is used for conditions involving the lower urinary tract, such as the urethra and bladder, and is not typically used to remove kidney stones.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Citrus fruits are generally not a concern for calcium oxalate stones. They are a good source of citrate, which may actually help prevent stone formation.
B. Dairy products are not specifically associated with calcium oxalate stones. However, high-calcium supplements might increase the risk, not dietary calcium from dairy products.
C. Red meat is not a significant concern for calcium oxalate stones. It is more associated with uric acid stones.
D. This is the correct answer. Leafy green vegetables are high in oxalates, which can contribute to calcium oxalate stone formation. Clients with calcium oxalate stones should limit their intake of these vegetables.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) does not typically require general anesthesia. It is usually done under sedation or with the use of local anesthesia.
B. The procedure does not involve the insertion of a scope into the urinary tract. ESWL is a non-invasive procedure that uses shock waves to break up the stone from outside the body.
C. This is the correct answer. ESWL involves the use of high-energy shock waves that are focused on the stone to break it up into smaller fragments. The fragments are then passed out of the body through the urine.
D. A urinary catheter is not typically required after ESWL. The client may be encouraged to drink plenty of fluids to help flush out the stone fragments, but a catheter is not usually needed.
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