A client with renal calculus presents to the clinic with severe pain. The nurse notes that the client is restless, pacing, and unable to find a comfortable position. Which additional symptom is the client most likely to report?
Fever and chills
Blood in the urine
Difficulty starting the urine stream
Frequent urge to urinate
The Correct Answer is B
A. Fever and chills are more commonly associated with a urinary tract infection, which can sometimes be a complication of kidney stones. However, the severe pain described is more likely related to the presence of the stone itself.
B. This is the correct answer. Blood in the urine, also known as hematuria, is a common symptom of kidney stones. As the stone moves through the urinary tract, it may cause irritation and small blood vessels may be damaged, resulting in blood in the urine.
C. Difficulty starting the urine stream is not a specific symptom of kidney stones. It may be seen in other urinary conditions but is not typically associated with stones.
D. The frequent urge to urinate may be experienced if the stone causes irritation in the bladder, but it is not the most common symptom associated with kidney stones.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. This is the correct answer. Calcium oxalate stones are common, and limiting the intake of foods high in oxalate, such as spinach, nuts, and certain other vegetables and fruits, can help reduce the risk of stone recurrence.
B. Increasing the intake of red meat and fish is not recommended to prevent calcium oxalate stones. In fact, high intake of animal protein may increase the risk of certain types of stones, such as uric acid stones.
C. Consuming carbonated beverages is not recommended to improve kidney function or prevent kidney stones. Some carbonated beverages may contain phosphoric acid, which can contribute to stone formation.
D. Avoiding dairy products is not recommended to prevent calcium oxalate stone formation. In fact, adequate dietary calcium intake from food sources may help reduce the risk of these stones.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Smoking cessation is important for overall health, but it is not a primary lifestyle factor related to kidney stone formation.
B. Increased alcohol consumption is not recommended as a preventive measure for kidney stones. In fact, excessive alcohol intake can lead to dehydration, which is a risk factor for stone formation.
C. Regular exercise can be beneficial for overall health, but it is not a primary lifestyle factor related to kidney stone formation.
D. This is the correct answer. A high sodium diet can increase the excretion of calcium in the urine, leading to a higher risk of calcium-based kidney stones. Reducing sodium intake can help prevent stone formation.
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