A nurse is providing education to a client about renal calculi. The client asks, "What are renal calculi?" What is the nurse's best response?
"Renal calculi are bacterial infections in the kidneys."
"Renal calculi are kidney stones made of mineral and acid salts."
"Renal calculi are benign tumors that form in the kidneys."
"Renal calculi are blood clots that block the urinary tract."
The Correct Answer is B
A. This is not the correct answer. Renal calculi are not bacterial infections but rather solid masses that form from mineral and acid salts in the kidneys.
B. This is the correct answer. Renal calculi, commonly known as kidney stones, are solid masses formed from mineral and acid salts that accumulate in the kidneys.
C. Renal calculi are not benign tumors. They are distinct from tumors and do not have the same characteristics.
D. Renal calculi are not blood clots. Blood clots can block the urinary tract, but they are not the same as kidney stones.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Reducing calcium intake is not typically recommended for uric acid stones. In fact, low calcium intake can increase the risk of other types of kidney stones.
B. Increasing consumption of red meat and shellfish is not recommended for uric acid stones. These foods are high in purines, which can increase uric acid levels in the body.
C. This is the correct answer. Uric acid stones are formed from high levels of uric acid in the urine. Purine-rich foods can contribute to elevated uric acid levels, so limiting these foods is important in managing uric acid stones.
D. Increasing intake of oxalate-rich foods is not specifically relevant to uric acid stones. Oxalate-rich foods are associated with calcium oxalate stones, not uric acid stones.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. This is the correct answer. Calcium oxalate stones are common, and limiting the intake of foods high in oxalate, such as spinach, nuts, and certain other vegetables and fruits, can help reduce the risk of stone recurrence.
B. Increasing the intake of red meat and fish is not recommended to prevent calcium oxalate stones. In fact, high intake of animal protein may increase the risk of certain types of stones, such as uric acid stones.
C. Consuming carbonated beverages is not recommended to improve kidney function or prevent kidney stones. Some carbonated beverages may contain phosphoric acid, which can contribute to stone formation.
D. Avoiding dairy products is not recommended to prevent calcium oxalate stone formation. In fact, adequate dietary calcium intake from food sources may help reduce the risk of these stones.
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