A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed thiazide diuretics. The nurse should recognize that these medications help prevent stone formation by:
Increasing the excretion of uric acid
Reducing the excretion of calcium in the urine
Increasing the pH of the urine
Dissolving existing kidney stones
The Correct Answer is B
A. Thiazide diuretics do not directly increase the excretion of uric acid. They are primarily used to reduce calcium excretion and prevent the formation of calcium-based stones.
B. This is the correct answer. Thiazide diuretics help reduce the excretion of calcium in the urine, which can be beneficial in preventing the formation of certain types of kidney stones, particularly calcium oxalate stones.
C. Thiazide diuretics do not directly increase the pH of the urine. They primarily reduce calcium excretion.
D. Thiazide diuretics do not dissolve existing kidney stones. They are used to prevent stone formation, not to treat existing stones.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Diarrhea and abdominal cramping are not typically associated with kidney stone pain. These symptoms are more commonly seen in gastrointestinal disorders.
B. Painful and frequent urination may occur if the stone causes irritation in the bladder or urethra, but it is not a direct symptom of kidney stone pain.
C. Fatigue and generalized weakness are not specific symptoms of kidney stone pain. They may be associated with other medical conditions but are not directly related to renal calculus.
D. This is the correct answer. Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms that may accompany kidney stone pain, especially if the stone causes obstruction in the urinary tract. The pain and irritation can trigger a reflex that leads to nausea and vomiting.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Allopurinol does not directly increase urine output. It is not a diuretic and is not used for that purpose.
B. Allopurinol does not dissolve existing kidney stones. It is primarily used to prevent the formation of uric acid stones, not to treat existing stones.
C. This is the correct answer. Allopurinol is a medication used to reduce the production of uric acid in the body. By lowering uric acid levels, it can help prevent the formation of uric acid stones.
D. Allopurinol does not increase the excretion of calcium. It is used specifically to address uric acid levels and prevent uric acid stone formation.
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