A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed thiazide diuretics. The nurse should recognize that these medications help prevent stone formation by:

Increasing the excretion of uric acid

Reducing the excretion of calcium in the urine

Increasing the pH of the urine

Dissolving existing kidney stones

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Thiazide diuretics do not directly increase the excretion of uric acid. They are primarily used to reduce calcium excretion and prevent the formation of calcium-based stones.

B. This is the correct answer. Thiazide diuretics help reduce the excretion of calcium in the urine, which can be beneficial in preventing the formation of certain types of kidney stones, particularly calcium oxalate stones.

C. Thiazide diuretics do not directly increase the pH of the urine. They primarily reduce calcium excretion.

D. Thiazide diuretics do not dissolve existing kidney stones. They are used to prevent stone formation, not to treat existing stones.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Pain relief is important in managing kidney stone pain, but potassium citrate is not primarily prescribed for this purpose.

B. Acid-base balance regulation may be one of the functions of potassium citrate, but it is not the primary purpose when prescribed to a client with renal calculus.

C. Urinary tract infection treatment is not the primary purpose of potassium citrate. While it may have some benefits in preventing certain types of urinary tract infections associated with stones, its primary purpose is not to treat infections.

D. This is the correct answer. Potassium citrate is prescribed to help dissolve certain types of kidney stones, particularly calcium oxalate stones and uric acid stones. It works by increasing the pH of the urine, making it more alkaline and less conducive to stone formation.

A. "Limit your intake of foods high in calcium." B. "Increase your intake of foods high in oxalate." C. "Avoid all fruits and vegetables to reduce oxalate intake." D. "Reduce your consumption of sodium and processed foods."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. This statement is not correct. Limiting calcium intake is not recommended for preventing calcium oxalate stones. In fact, adequate dietary calcium can help reduce the risk of stone formation.

B. This statement is not correct. Foods high in oxalate, such as spinach and nuts, should be limited to prevent calcium oxalate stones.

C. This statement is not correct. Fruits and vegetables are essential for overall health and should not be avoided. However, some fruits and vegetables are high in oxalate, which may contribute to calcium oxalate stone formation.

D. This is the correct answer. Reducing sodium intake can be beneficial for kidney health, as high sodium intake can increase calcium excretion in the urine and promote stone formation. Additionally, processed foods may contain high levels of sodium and should be limited.

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A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed thiazide diuretics. The nurse should recognize that these medications help prevent stone formation by:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with a history of renal calculus is prescribed potassium citrate. Which of the following is the primary purpose of this medication?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is providing discharge education to a client who had a calcium oxalate stone. Which dietary modification should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with a small renal calculus is advised by the nurse to increase fluid intake. The client asks, "Why is this important?" Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed potassium citrate. Which statement by the client indicates understanding of the medication's purpose?

A client is diagnosed with a large kidney stone that is not passing spontaneously. The nurse should anticipate that which procedure may be recommended to remove the stone?

A client asks the nurse, "How can I prevent the formation of kidney stones?" Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

A client is scheduled to undergo extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for the treatment of kidney stones. What should the nurse include in the preoperative education for the client?

A nurse is teaching a client with a history of struvite stones about dietary modifications to prevent stone recurrence. Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

A nurse is providing education to a client who has a family history of kidney stones. The client asks, "Can I do anything to prevent getting kidney stones?" What is the nurse's best response?

A nurse is providing education to a client with a history of uric acid stones. Which dietary recommendation should the nurse include?