A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed thiazide diuretics. The nurse should recognize that these medications help prevent stone formation by:

Increasing the excretion of uric acid

Reducing the excretion of calcium in the urine

Increasing the pH of the urine

Dissolving existing kidney stones

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Thiazide diuretics do not directly increase the excretion of uric acid. They are primarily used to reduce calcium excretion and prevent the formation of calcium-based stones.

B. This is the correct answer. Thiazide diuretics help reduce the excretion of calcium in the urine, which can be beneficial in preventing the formation of certain types of kidney stones, particularly calcium oxalate stones.

C. Thiazide diuretics do not directly increase the pH of the urine. They primarily reduce calcium excretion.

D. Thiazide diuretics do not dissolve existing kidney stones. They are used to prevent stone formation, not to treat existing stones.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Calcium oxalate stones may cause pain, but they do not typically radiate to the groin. They are more likely to cause localized pain in the back or side.

B. This is the correct answer. Uric acid stones can cause sudden and severe pain that radiates from the back to the groin. The pain is often described as colicky and is associated with restlessness.

C. Struvite stones are typically associated with urinary tract infections and may not cause the sudden and severe pain described in the question.

D. Cystine stones are rare and are more likely to cause chronic, dull pain rather than sudden and severe pain.

A. "Limiting fluid intake will help reduce your risk of developing kidney stones." B. "Increasing your intake of calcium-rich foods can prevent kidney stone formation." C. "Avoiding all fruits and vegetables can help prevent kidney stones." D. "Maintaining adequate fluid intake is essential to prevent kidney stones."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. This statement is not correct. Adequate fluid intake is essential to help prevent kidney stones. Restricting fluid intake can increase the concentration of minerals in the urine and promote stone formation.

B. This statement is not correct. While calcium oxalate stones are common, reducing calcium intake is not recommended for most people. In fact, a low-calcium diet may increase the risk of other types of kidney stones.

C. This statement is not correct. Fruits and vegetables contain valuable nutrients and should not be avoided. However, some fruits and vegetables are high in oxalate, which may contribute to the formation of calcium oxalate stones. The key is to consume a balanced diet and drink plenty of fluids.

D. This is the correct answer. Adequate fluid intake is crucial in preventing kidney stones. It helps dilute the urine and reduce the concentration of minerals that can lead to stone formation.

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A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed thiazide diuretics. The nurse should recognize that these medications help prevent stone formation by:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client asks the nurse, "How can I prevent the formation of kidney stones?" Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with a small renal calculus is advised by the nurse to increase fluid intake. The client asks, "Why is this important?" Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

A nurse is caring for a client who had a kidney stone removed through ureteroscopy. The nurse should closely monitor the client for which potential complication?

A client with a history of renal calculus is prescribed potassium citrate. Which of the following is the primary purpose of this medication?

A client with a history of kidney stones asks the nurse, "What can I do to prevent future kidney stones?" What is the nurse's best response?

A nurse is educating a client with calcium oxalate stones about dietary modifications. Which food should the nurse instruct the client to limit in their diet?

A client comes to the emergency room complaining of sudden, excruciating pain in the lower back and side. The nurse suspects renal calculus. Which term best describes this type of pain?

A client with a history of renal calculus is prescribed potassium citrate. Which of the following is the primary purpose of this medication?

A nurse is caring for a client with a history of recurrent kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the client's discharge teaching to help prevent stone formation?