A nurse is caring for a client who had a kidney stone removed through percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The nurse should closely monitor the client for which potential complication?

Urinary retention

Hyperkalemia

Hypoglycemia

Hypertension

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A

A. This is the correct answer. After percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), the client may experience urinary retention due to swelling and irritation around the bladder or urethra from the procedure. The nurse should monitor the client for signs of urinary retention, such as difficulty urinating or a distended bladder, and take appropriate measures to relieve the obstruction.

B. Hyperkalemia is not directly related to PCNL. It may occur in certain medical conditions but is not a common complication of this procedure.

C. Hypoglycemia is not related to PCNL. It is a condition related to low blood sugar levels and is not a typical complication of kidney stone removal.

D. Hypertension is not directly related to PCNL. While some clients with hypertension may be at increased risk for kidney stones, hypertension is not a common complication of PCNL itself.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. This statement is not correct. Potassium citrate does not dissolve existing kidney stones. It is used to prevent the formation of certain types of stones, particularly calcium oxalate stones.

B. This is the correct answer. Potassium citrate is an alkalizing agent that helps reduce the acidity of urine. By making the urine less acidic, it can help prevent the formation of certain types of stones, such as uric acid stones.

C. Potassium citrate does not increase calcium levels in the body. It may help prevent the formation of calcium oxalate stones, but it does not affect overall calcium levels.

D. Potassium citrate does not decrease urine output. It primarily works to reduce urine acidity and prevent stone formation.

A. Colicky B. Gnawing C. Stabbing D. Numbing

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This is the correct answer. Kidney stone pain is often described as colicky, which means it comes and goes in waves of severe pain. The pain can be intense and cramp-like, causing the client to writhe or be restless.

B. Gnawing pain is not typically associated with kidney stones. Gnawing pain is often described as a persistent, dull ache that can be more chronic in nature.

C. Stabbing pain is sharp and localized and is not typically used to describe kidney stone pain.

D. Numbing pain refers to a loss of sensation, which is not characteristic of kidney stone pain.

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A nurse is caring for a client who had a kidney stone removed through percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The nurse should closely monitor the client for which potential complication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed potassium citrate. Which statement by the client indicates understanding of the medication's purpose?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client comes to the emergency room complaining of sudden, excruciating pain in the lower back and side. The nurse suspects renal calculus. Which term best describes this type of pain?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who had a kidney stone removed through percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The nurse should closely monitor the client for which potential complication?

A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed thiazide diuretics. The nurse should recognize that these medications help prevent stone formation by:

A nurse is teaching a client about dietary modifications to prevent the recurrence of calcium oxalate stones. Which instruction should the nurse include?

A client asks the nurse, "What can I do to prevent kidney stones from forming again?" Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

A nurse is providing education to a client who has been diagnosed with renal calculus. Which lifestyle factor is the nurse most likely to address to reduce the risk of kidney stones?

A client with a history of recurrent renal calculi asks the nurse, "What are the common risk factors for developing kidney stones?" What is the nurse's best response?

A nurse is providing education to a client about renal calculi. The client asks, "What are renal calculi?" What is the nurse's best response?

A client with a history of renal calculus is prescribed potassium citrate. Which of the following is the primary purpose of this medication?