A nurse is caring for a client who had a kidney stone removed through percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The nurse should closely monitor the client for which potential complication?

Urinary retention

Hyperkalemia

Hypoglycemia

Hypertension

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A

A. This is the correct answer. After percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), the client may experience urinary retention due to swelling and irritation around the bladder or urethra from the procedure. The nurse should monitor the client for signs of urinary retention, such as difficulty urinating or a distended bladder, and take appropriate measures to relieve the obstruction.

B. Hyperkalemia is not directly related to PCNL. It may occur in certain medical conditions but is not a common complication of this procedure.

C. Hypoglycemia is not related to PCNL. It is a condition related to low blood sugar levels and is not a typical complication of kidney stone removal.

D. Hypertension is not directly related to PCNL. While some clients with hypertension may be at increased risk for kidney stones, hypertension is not a common complication of PCNL itself.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Limiting fluid intake to 1 liter per day is not recommended to prevent kidney stone formation. Adequate hydration is essential to

help prevent stone formation, as it helps dilute the urine and reduce the concentration of minerals that can lead to stone formation.

B. Decreasing dietary fiber intake is not a preventive measure for kidney stones. In fact, increasing dietary fiber intake can be beneficial for overall health.

C. Reducing calcium intake from all sources is not recommended to prevent kidney stones. In some cases, reducing dietary calcium intake can actually increase the risk of certain types of kidney stones.

D. This is the correct answer. Increasing citric acid intake can help prevent certain types of kidney stones, such as calcium oxalate stones. Citric acid helps to bind calcium in the urine, reducing the risk of stone formation. Citric acid can be found in citrus fruits and juices, and the nurse may advise the client to include more of these foods in their diet.

A. "Renal calculi are bacterial infections in the kidneys." B. "Renal calculi are kidney stones made of mineral and acid salts." C. "Renal calculi are benign tumors that form in the kidneys." D. "Renal calculi are blood clots that block the urinary tract."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. This is not the correct answer. Renal calculi are not bacterial infections but rather solid masses that form from mineral and acid salts in the kidneys.

B. This is the correct answer. Renal calculi, commonly known as kidney stones, are solid masses formed from mineral and acid salts that accumulate in the kidneys.

C. Renal calculi are not benign tumors. They are distinct from tumors and do not have the same characteristics.

D. Renal calculi are not blood clots. Blood clots can block the urinary tract, but they are not the same as kidney stones.

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A nurse is caring for a client who had a kidney stone removed through percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The nurse should closely monitor the client for which potential complication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client with a history of recurrent kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the client's discharge teaching to help prevent stone formation?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is providing education to a client about renal calculi. The client asks, "What are renal calculi?" What is the nurse's best response?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client with a history of calcium oxalate stones asks the nurse, "Can I continue taking vitamin C supplements?" Which response by the nurse is appropriate?

A client with renal calculus is scheduled for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). What information should the nurse provide to the client about this procedure?

A nurse is teaching a client with a history of struvite stones about dietary modifications to prevent stone recurrence. Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

A nurse is providing discharge education to a client who had a calcium oxalate stone. Which dietary modification should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

A client with renal calculus presents to the clinic with severe pain. The nurse notes that the client is restless, pacing, and unable to find a comfortable position. Which additional symptom is the client most likely to report?

A client with a small renal calculus is advised by the nurse to increase fluid intake. The client asks, "Why is this important?" Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

A nurse is providing education to a client with a history of uric acid stones. Which dietary recommendation should the nurse include?

A nurse is assessing a client with suspected renal calculus. Which of the following symptoms may accompany kidney stone pain if the stone causes obstruction in the urinary tract?