Which one of the following types of immunoglobulins is involved in inflammatory and allergic responses?

A. "You have developed urticaria in response to something in your environment."
This statement is incorrect. Urticaria refers to hives, a skin rash usually caused by an allergic reaction, infection, or stress. It's not necessarily indicative of an autoimmune disease.

B. "Your immune system is creating antibodies that are destroying your own cells."
This statement is correct. Autoimmune diseases involve the immune system mistakenly attacking the body's own cells and tissues, leading to various health issues.

C. "Your immune system is not able to create antibodies to help you fight infection."
This statement is incorrect. In autoimmune diseases, the immune system is overactive, producing antibodies that target the body's own cells, not that it can't create antibodies.

D. "You have developed an infection that is destroying your immune cells."
This statement is incorrect. Infections don't typically destroy immune cells; instead, infections often stimulate the immune system to respond and fight against invading pathogens.

A. IgD: Immunoglobulin D (IgD) is found on the surface of B cells and serves as a receptor for antigen recognition during the immune response. Its exact function is not fully understood, but it plays a role in the activation of B cells.

B. IgE: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is primarily associated with allergic responses and defense against parasitic infections. When an allergen enters the body, IgE antibodies trigger the release of histamine and other chemicals, leading to allergy symptoms. IgE is also involved in protecting against certain parasites.

C. IgG: Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the most abundant immunoglobulin in the bloodstream. It provides long-term immunity by recognizing and neutralizing pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. IgG antibodies are involved in secondary immune responses and are transferred from mother to fetus, providing passive immunity.

D. IgM: Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is the first antibody produced during an initial immune response to an antigen. It is effective at agglutination (clumping) of pathogens. IgM antibodies are generally found in blood and lymph fluid and are the first line of defense during infections.