Which of the following statements is correct regarding immunodeficiency disorders?
Immunodeficiency disorders are caused by an overactive immune system.
Immunodeficiency disorders can only be acquired through genetics.
Immunodeficiency disorders result in an increased ability to fight infections.
Immunodeficiency disorders can be caused by medications or medical treatments.
The Correct Answer is D
Explanation: The correct answer is d. Immunodeficiency disorders can be caused by medications or medical treatments. Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system is weakened or dysfunctional, leading to an increased susceptibility to infections. They can be primary (genetic) or secondary (acquired). Secondary immunodeficiency disorders can be caused by various factors, including medications (e.g., immunosuppressive drugs used after organ transplants), medical treatments (e.g., chemotherapy for cancer), and certain diseases (e.g., HIV/AIDS).
Incorrect choices:
a. Immunodeficiency disorders are characterized by a weakened immune system, not an overactive one. Overactive immune responses are seen in autoimmune disorders.
b. Immunodeficiency disorders can be both primary (genetic) and secondary (acquired) in nature. While some immunodeficiencies are genetic, others can be acquired later in life due to various factors.
c. Immunodeficiency disorders result in a decreased ability to fight infections, not an increased one. Individuals with immunodeficiencies are more susceptible to infections and may experience recurrent or severe infections.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: The correct answer is c. Serum immunoglobulin levels. A primary immunodeficiency disorder often results in abnormal levels of immunoglobulins (antibodies) in the blood. Measuring serum immunoglobulin levels can help identify potential deficiencies and guide the diagnosis of primary immunodeficiency disorders.
Incorrect choices:
a. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a test used to detect specific antibodies or antigens in the blood, but it is not specific to diagnosing primary immunodeficiency disorders.
b. A chest X-ray is not a specific test for diagnosing primary immunodeficiency disorders. It is typically used to assess the condition of the lungs and chest organs.
d. A complete blood count (CBC) is a general blood test that may reveal abnormalities in white blood cell count but does not specifically assess immunoglobulin levels.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: The correct answer is c. Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is characterized by a deficiency or absence of B cells, leading to a reduced ability to produce antibodies and an increased susceptibility to infections.
Incorrect choices:
a. DiGeorge syndrome is a disorder caused by a genetic defect resulting in the underdevelopment of the thymus and parathyroid glands, leading to T cell deficiency.
b. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a severe form of immunodeficiency that affects both B and T cells, leading to a complete absence or dysfunction of the immune system.
d. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is a rare X-linked genetic disorder characterized by a triad of symptoms, including eczema, low platelet count, and immunodeficiency. It primarily affects T cells and platelets, not B cells.
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