Which type of immunodeficiency disorder is characterized by a defect in T cell function and is often associated with developmental delays, chronic infections, and autoimmune manifestations?
X-linked agammaglobulinemia
DiGeorge syndrome
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
The Correct Answer is B
Explanation: The correct answer is b. DiGeorge syndrome. This disorder is caused by a deletion in chromosome 22, resulting in the underdevelopment of the thymus and parathyroid glands. It leads to impaired T cell function and is associated with developmental delays, chronic infections, and autoimmune problems.
Incorrect choices:
a. X-linked agammaglobulinemia is a primary immunodeficiency disorder that primarily affects B cell function, leading to a deficiency of immunoglobulins (antibodies).
c. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is an X-linked recessive disorder characterized by a triad of symptoms: eczema, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), and immunodeficiency.
d. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a group of rare disorders characterized by a severe deficiency of T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Explanation: The correct answer is d. Educating the client on proper hand hygiene. Educating the client on proper hand hygiene is essential to reduce the risk of infections in individuals with immunodeficiency disorders. Frequent handwashing is a simple yet effective way to prevent the transmission of infectious agents.
Incorrect choices:
a. Administering live vaccines is contraindicated for clients with immunodeficiency disorders, as live vaccines contain weakened pathogens that can cause serious infections in this population.
b. Encouraging the client to perform strenuous physical activities is not appropriate for someone with immunodeficiency, as strenuous activities can put additional strain on the immune system and increase the risk of infections.
c. Limiting the client's intake of fluids is not a necessary intervention for immunodeficiency disorders. Adequate fluid intake is generally important for overall health, but it is not directly related to managing immunodeficiency disorders.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Explanation: The correct answer is b. "I will make sure to get all the live vaccines recommended for my age." Clients with immunodeficiency disorders should not receive live vaccines, as they can cause severe infections in this population. Only inactivated vaccines are recommended to avoid the risk of vaccine-associated infections.
Incorrect choices:
a. Avoiding contact with individuals who have colds or other infections is essential for clients with immunodeficiency disorders, as they are at a higher risk of acquiring infections.
c. Practicing good hand hygiene and washing hands frequently are essential infection prevention measures for clients with immunodeficiency disorders.
d. Informing the healthcare provider if any signs of infection develop is crucial for early detection and treatment of infections in clients with immunodeficiency disorders.
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