Which type of immunodeficiency disorder is characterized by a defect in T cell function and is often associated with developmental delays, chronic infections, and autoimmune manifestations?
X-linked agammaglobulinemia
DiGeorge syndrome
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
The Correct Answer is B
Explanation: The correct answer is b. DiGeorge syndrome. This disorder is caused by a deletion in chromosome 22, resulting in the underdevelopment of the thymus and parathyroid glands. It leads to impaired T cell function and is associated with developmental delays, chronic infections, and autoimmune problems.
Incorrect choices:
a. X-linked agammaglobulinemia is a primary immunodeficiency disorder that primarily affects B cell function, leading to a deficiency of immunoglobulins (antibodies).
c. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is an X-linked recessive disorder characterized by a triad of symptoms: eczema, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), and immunodeficiency.
d. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a group of rare disorders characterized by a severe deficiency of T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Explanation: The correct answer is d. Maintain strict hand hygiene and utilize protective equipment when providing care. Children with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) have a severely compromised immune system, making them highly susceptible to infections. Strict hand hygiene and the use of protective equipment, such as gloves and masks, are essential in preventing the transmission of infections to the child.
Incorrect choices:
a. Placing the child on contact precautions may not be sufficient to protect them from infections due to their high susceptibility. Additional precautions, such as strict hand hygiene and protective equipment, should be implemented.
b. Encouraging the child to play with other children may increase the risk of exposure to infections. Children with SCID should be protected from contact with potential sources of infection.
c. Live attenuated vaccines are contraindicated for children with SCID, as they can cause severe infections. Only inactivated vaccines are recommended to avoid the risk of vaccine-associated infections.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Explanation: The correct answer is d. Absence or significantly reduced T cell levels. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is characterized by a severe deficiency or absence of T cells, which are essential for cell-mediated immunity.
Incorrect choices:
a. Increased levels of circulating B cells are not characteristic of SCID. In SCID, both T and B cell immunity are affected, and the client may have reduced levels of both.
b. Elevated immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels may occur in certain types of immunodeficiency disorders, but it is not a specific finding for SCID.
c. Abnormal antibody response to vaccinations can be observed in various immunodeficiency disorders, but it does not specifically indicate SCID.
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