Which of the following is the best description of the main concept of Pender's health promotion model?
Behavior change is a one-dimensional effect.
Individuals will take action if there is a perceived threat to their health.
Individuals change their behavior at different rates.
Individuals generally engage in behavior that is likely to result in a positive outcome.
The Correct Answer is D
The main concept of Pender’s health promotion model is that individuals generally engage in behavior that is likely to result in a positive outcome.
Pender’s model focuses on three areas: individual characteristics and experiences, behavior-specific cognitions and affect, and behavioral outcomes.
The model suggests that individuals will engage in health-promoting behaviors if they believe that the behavior will lead to a positive outcome.
Choice A is not the answer because behavior change is not a one-dimensional effect according to Pender’s model.
Choice B is not the answer because while a perceived threat to health can motivate individuals to take action, it is not the main concept of Pender’s model.
Choice C is not the answer because while individuals may change their behavior at different rates, it is not the main concept of Pender’s model.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The risk factors identified by Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) that contribute to many chronic diseases are largely preventable.
HP2020 is a national initiative launched by the Department of Health and Human Services that provides science-based, 10-year national objectives for improving the health of all Americans.
It tracks approximately 1,300 objectives organized into 42 topic areas, each representing an important public health area.
Choice A is not the answer because many of the risk factors identified by HP2020 can be modified through lifestyle changes and preventive measures.
Choice B is not the answer because while genetics can play a role in chronic diseases, many of the risk factors identified by HP2020 are not genetic/inherited.
Choice D is not the answer because HP2020 has identified many risk factors that contribute to chronic diseases.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A cost-effective analysis compares the costs and outcomes of different programs to determine which one is the most cost-effective.
In this case, the analysis would determine which of the three programs is the least expensive to achieve optimal health outcomes in reducing infant prematurity.
Choice B. Evaluate the number of staff needed to implement the program is not the answer because it is not the primary focus of a cost-effective analysis.
Choice C. Evaluate which program has the strongest approval rating by the participants is not the answer because it is not the primary focus of a cost- effective analysis.
Choice D. Determine which program costs the fewest dollars and uses the smallest number of staff is not the answer because it does not take into account the health outcomes achieved by each program.
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