What is the main reason why a woman who is older than 35 years may have difficulty achieving pregnancy?
She has used contraceptives for an extended time.
Her ovaries may be affected by the aging process.
Prepregnancy medical attention is lacking.
Personal risk behaviors influence fertility.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: This is not the main reason, as the use of contraceptives for an extended time does not necessarily affect the fertility of a woman. Most contraceptives are reversible and do not cause permanent damage to the reproductive system. However, some contraceptives may take longer to wear off than others, and some may have side effects that can interfere with ovulation or implantation.
Choice B reason: This is the main reason, as the aging process can affect the ovaries and the quality and quantity of the eggs. As a woman ages, her ovarian reserve (the number of eggs in the ovaries) declines, and the eggs become more prone to chromosomal abnormalities. This can reduce the chances of conception and increase the risk of miscarriage or birth defects.
Choice C reason: This is not the main reason, as prepregnancy medical attention is not a prerequisite for achieving pregnancy. However, prepregnancy medical attention can be beneficial for a woman who is older than 35 years, as it can help identify and manage any existing or potential health problems that may affect the pregnancy, such as diabetes, hypertension, or thyroid disorders.
Choice D reason: This is not the main reason, as personal risk behaviors are not specific to a woman who is older than 35 years. Personal risk behaviors are factors that can negatively affect the fertility of any woman, regardless of age. Some examples of personal risk behaviors are smoking, drinking, using drugs, having multiple sexual partners, or having sexually transmitted infections.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Cramping is a common symptom of pregnancy, especially in the third trimester, due to the stretching of the ligaments and muscles that support the uterus. It is not a specific sign of abruptio placentae, which is the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall.
Choice B reason: Uterine activity is a normal phenomenon of pregnancy, as the uterus contracts and relaxes periodically. It is not a specific sign of abruptio placentae, which is associated with increased uterine tone and tenderness.
Choice C reason: Bleeding is a possible sign of both abruptio placentae and placenta previa, which is the implantation of the placenta over or near the cervical os. However, bleeding is more common and severe in placenta previa than in abruptio placentae, as the latter can have concealed hemorrhage.
Choice D reason: Intense abdominal pain is the most prevalent clinical manifestation of abruptio placentae, as the blood accumulates behind the placenta and causes pressure and irritation of the uterine nerves. It is a distinguishing sign from placenta previa, which is usually painless.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: An FHR greater than 110 beats/min is not a sufficient indicator of fetal well-being during labor. The normal range of FHR is between 110 and 160 beats/min, but it can vary depending on the gestational age, fetal activity, and maternal factors. A high or low FHR may indicate fetal distress or compromise.
Choice B reason: Maternal pain control is not a direct measure of fetal well-being during labor. However, maternal pain can affect the FHR indirectly by causing maternal stress, anxiety, or hyperventilation, which can alter the blood flow and oxygen delivery to the fetus. Therefore, adequate pain management is important for both maternal and fetal health.
Choice C reason: The response of the FHR to UCs is the most reliable and accurate way of assessing fetal well-being during labor. UCs can cause temporary reductions in the blood flow and oxygen supply to the fetus, which can affect the FHR. A normal response of the FHR to UCs is either no change or a slight increase (acceleration), which indicates a well-oxygenated and resilient fetus. An abnormal response of the FHR to UCs is a decrease (deceleration), which indicates a compromised or hypoxic fetus.
Choice D reason: Accelerations in the FHR are not a definitive measure of fetal well-being during labor. Accelerations are transient increases in the FHR above the baseline, usually caused by fetal movement, stimulation, or UCs. Accelerations are generally reassuring and indicate a responsive and well-oxygenated fetus, but they are not always present or consistent. The absence of accelerations does not necessarily mean fetal distress, as some fetuses may have periods of sleep or reduced activity.
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