Which viral sexually transmitted infection is characterized by a primary infection followed by recurrent episodes?

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: HSV-2 is a viral infection that causes genital herpes. It is transmitted through sexual contact and can cause painful blisters and ulcers in the genital area. The primary infection is usually the most severe and lasts for several weeks. After the primary infection, the virus remains dormant in the nerve cells and can reactivate periodically, causing recurrent episodes of genital herpes. The frequency and severity of the recurrences vary from person to person.

Choice B reason: HPV is a viral infection that causes genital warts and cervical cancer. It is transmitted through sexual contact and can infect the skin and mucous membranes of the genital area. The primary infection is often asymptomatic and may clear spontaneously or persist for years. HPV does not cause recurrent episodes of genital warts or cervical cancer, but it can increase the risk of developing these conditions over time.

Choice C reason: CMV is a viral infection that causes flu-like symptoms and can affect various organs. It is transmitted through bodily fluids such as saliva, urine, blood, and semen. The primary infection is usually mild and may go unnoticed. After the primary infection, the virus remains latent in the body and can reactivate in people with weakened immune systems, causing serious complications. CMV does not cause recurrent episodes of flu-like symptoms or organ damage, but it can worsen the condition of people with HIV or AIDS.

Choice D reason: HIV is a viral infection that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It is transmitted through sexual contact, blood transfusion, or sharing of needles. The primary infection is often accompanied by flu-like symptoms and lasts for a few weeks. After the primary infection, the virus gradually destroys the immune system and makes the person vulnerable to opportunistic infections and cancers. HIV does not cause recurrent episodes of flu-like symptoms or AIDS, but it can progress to AIDS over time.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Normal weight women should gain 11.5 to 16 kg during pregnancy, according to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines. This is based on the body mass index (BMI) of 18.5 to 24.9 before pregnancy.

Choice B reason: Underweight women should gain 12.5 to 18 kg during pregnancy, according to the IOM guidelines. This is based on the BMI of less than 18.5 before pregnancy. Underweight women are at risk of having low birth weight infants, so they need to gain more weight to support fetal growth and development.

Choice C reason: Adolescents are encouraged to strive for weight gains at the upper end of the recommended scale, according to the IOM guidelines. This is because adolescents are still growing themselves and need extra nutrients and calories to meet their own needs and those of the fetus.

Choice D reason: In twin gestations, the weight gain recommended for a single fetus pregnancy should not be simply doubled. The IOM guidelines suggest that women with twin gestations should gain 16.5 to 24.5 kg if they have a normal weight before pregnancy, 14 to 22.5 kg if they are overweight, and 11 to 19 kg if they are obese.

Choice E reason: Obese women should gain at least 7 to 11.5 kg during pregnancy, according to the IOM guidelines. This is based on the BMI of 30 or more before pregnancy. Obese women are at risk of having complications such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and cesarean delivery, so they need to limit their weight gain to avoid further complications.

A. primary dysmenorrhea. B. endometriosis. C. secondary dysmenorrhea. D. PMS.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that is not associated with any underlying condition. It usually begins with the onset of menstruation and lasts for a few days. It does not cause pain during intercourse or infertility.

Choice B reason: This is correct because endometriosis is a condition where the endometrial tissue that normally lines the uterus grows outside the uterus, such as on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or pelvic organs. It causes chronic inflammation, scarring, and adhesions that can result in severe pain during menstruation and intercourse, as well as infertility.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect because secondary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that is caused by an underlying condition, such as fibroids, pelvic inflammatory disease, or adenomyosis. It usually develops later in life and lasts longer than primary dysmenorrhea. It may or may not cause pain during intercourse or infertility, depending on the condition.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because PMS stands for premenstrual syndrome, which is a group of physical and emotional symptoms that occur before menstruation. It may include mood swings, irritability, bloating, headaches, or breast tenderness. It does not cause severe pain during menstruation or intercourse, or infertility.

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Which viral sexually transmitted infection is characterized by a primary infection followed by recurrent episodes?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which suggestions should the nurse include when teaching about appropriate weight gain in pregnancy? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

A woman complains of severe abdominal and pelvic pain around the time of menstruation that has gotten worse over the last 5 years. She also complains of pain during intercourse and has tried unsuccessfully to get pregnant for the past 18 months. These symptoms are most likely related to:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse caring for a woman hospitalized for hyperemesis gravidarum should expect that initial treatment will involve:

Why is glucose metabolism profoundly affected during pregnancy?

Which finding meets the criteria of a reassuring fetal heart rate (FHR) pattern?

The most prevalent clinical manifestation of abruptio placentae (as opposed to placenta previa) is:

The nurse is counseling a woman who wants to become pregnant. The woman tells the nurse that she has a 28-day menstrual cycle and the first day of her menstrual period was January 8. The nurse correctly calculates that the woman's next fertile period is?

A pregnant woman presents to the emergency department complaining of persistent nausea and vomiting. She is diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum. The nurse should include which information when teaching about diet for hyperemesis? (Select all that apply)

Care management of a woman diagnosed with acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) most likely would include:

A 32-year-old primigravida is admitted with a diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. Nursing care is based on the knowledge that: