Which viral sexually transmitted infection is characterized by a primary infection followed by recurrent episodes?
Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2
Human papillomavirus (HPV)
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: HSV-2 is a viral infection that causes genital herpes. It is transmitted through sexual contact and can cause painful blisters and ulcers in the genital area. The primary infection is usually the most severe and lasts for several weeks. After the primary infection, the virus remains dormant in the nerve cells and can reactivate periodically, causing recurrent episodes of genital herpes. The frequency and severity of the recurrences vary from person to person.
Choice B reason: HPV is a viral infection that causes genital warts and cervical cancer. It is transmitted through sexual contact and can infect the skin and mucous membranes of the genital area. The primary infection is often asymptomatic and may clear spontaneously or persist for years. HPV does not cause recurrent episodes of genital warts or cervical cancer, but it can increase the risk of developing these conditions over time.
Choice C reason: CMV is a viral infection that causes flu-like symptoms and can affect various organs. It is transmitted through bodily fluids such as saliva, urine, blood, and semen. The primary infection is usually mild and may go unnoticed. After the primary infection, the virus remains latent in the body and can reactivate in people with weakened immune systems, causing serious complications. CMV does not cause recurrent episodes of flu-like symptoms or organ damage, but it can worsen the condition of people with HIV or AIDS.
Choice D reason: HIV is a viral infection that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It is transmitted through sexual contact, blood transfusion, or sharing of needles. The primary infection is often accompanied by flu-like symptoms and lasts for a few weeks. After the primary infection, the virus gradually destroys the immune system and makes the person vulnerable to opportunistic infections and cancers. HIV does not cause recurrent episodes of flu-like symptoms or AIDS, but it can progress to AIDS over time.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: A previous birth of a large infant (macrosomia) is a risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A large infant may indicate that the mother had high blood glucose levels during pregnancy, which can cause the fetus to grow larger than normal. Women who have had a large infant are more likely to develop GDM in subsequent pregnancies.
Choice B reason: Underweight before pregnancy is not a risk factor for GDM. In fact, being overweight or obese before pregnancy is a risk factor for GDM, as it increases insulin resistance and makes it harder for the body to use glucose effectively.
Choice C reason: A previous diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus is not a risk factor for GDM. It is a contraindication for GDM, as it means that the woman already has diabetes before pregnancy. GDM is a condition that develops during pregnancy and usually resolves after delivery.
Choice D reason: Maternal age younger than 25 years is not a risk factor for GDM. In fact, being older than 25 years is a risk factor for GDM, as it increases the risk of insulin resistance and other metabolic changes that can affect glucose tolerance.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: She will not be unable to conceive in the future, as ectopic pregnancy does not necessarily affect her fertility. However, she may have a higher risk of having another ectopic pregnancy or infertility if the fallopian tube is damaged or removed.
Choice B reason: A D&C (dilation and curettage) will not be performed to remove the products of conception, as this procedure is used to empty the uterus, not the fallopian tube. The treatment for ectopic pregnancy may include medication, surgery, or expectant management, depending on the location, size, and viability of the pregnancy.
Choice C reason: Bed rest and analgesics are not the recommended treatment for ectopic pregnancy, as they do not address the underlying cause or prevent complications. Ectopic pregnancy is a medical emergency that requires prompt intervention to prevent rupture, bleeding, and shock.
Choice D reason: Hemorrhage is the major concern for ectopic pregnancy, as the pregnancy can rupture the fallopian tube and cause severe bleeding into the abdominal cavity. This can lead to hypovolemic shock, which is a life-threatening condition.
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