What clinical manifestations does the nurse recognize would be associated with a diagnosis of hyperthyroidism? Select all that apply.
Weight loss.
Intolerance to cold.
An elevated systolic blood pressure.
A heart rate of 90 bpm.
Increased fatigability.
Correct Answer : A,C,E
Choice A Reason:
Weight loss.
Weight loss is a common symptom of hyperthyroidism. This condition speeds up the body’s metabolism, causing the body to burn calories more quickly than usual. Despite an increased appetite, individuals with hyperthyroidism often experience significant weight loss. This symptom is a direct result of the overproduction of thyroid hormones, which increases the metabolic rate.
Choice B Reason:
Intolerance to cold.
Intolerance to cold is not typically associated with hyperthyroidism; it is more commonly a symptom of hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism usually causes heat intolerance due to the increased metabolic rate, which raises the body’s temperature. Therefore, this choice is not relevant to hyperthyroidism.
Choice C Reason:
An elevated systolic blood pressure.
An elevated systolic blood pressure can be a symptom of hyperthyroidism. The increased levels of thyroid hormones can cause the heart to work harder, leading to higher blood pressure. This symptom is important to monitor as it can lead to further cardiovascular complications if left untreated.
Choice D Reason:
A heart rate of 90 bpm.
A heart rate of 90 bpm is within the normal range for adults and is not specifically indicative of hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism typically causes a rapid or irregular heartbeat, often exceeding 100 bpm. Therefore, this choice does not accurately reflect a clinical manifestation of hyperthyroidism.
Choice E Reason:
Increased fatigability.
Increased fatigability is a common symptom of hyperthyroidism. Despite the increased metabolic rate, individuals with hyperthyroidism often feel tired and weak. This paradoxical symptom occurs because the body’s systems are overworked and cannot sustain the heightened activity levels, leading to fatigue.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: An increase in temperature is not a primary indicator of hypovolemic shock. While fever can occur due to infection or inflammation, it is not directly related to hypovolemic shock, which is primarily characterized by a significant loss of blood or fluids leading to decreased perfusion and oxygenation of tissues.
Choice B reason: A decrease in urinary output is a critical sign of hypovolemic shock. When the body loses a significant amount of blood or fluids, the kidneys receive less blood flow, leading to reduced urine production. This is a compensatory mechanism to conserve fluids and maintain blood pressure. Normal urine output is typically around 30 to 50 mL per hour, so a drop below this range is concerning.
Choice C reason: An increase in heart rate is a common response to hypovolemic shock as the body attempts to maintain cardiac output and blood pressure despite the loss of blood volume. Tachycardia (increased heart rate) is one of the early signs of shock, indicating that the heart is working harder to pump blood to vital organs.
Choice D reason: A decrease in respiratory rate is not typical of hypovolemic shock. In fact, hypovolemic shock often leads to an increased respiratory rate (tachypnea) as the body tries to compensate for decreased oxygen delivery to tissues. A decrease in respiratory rate could indicate other issues but is not a hallmark of hypovolemic shock.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Low oxygen saturation is not a common side effect of donepezil. Donepezil is a cholinesterase inhibitor used to treat symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease by increasing the levels of acetylcholine in the brain. While it can have various side effects, respiratory issues like low oxygen saturation are not typically associated with this medication. Therefore, monitoring for low oxygen saturation is not a primary concern for patients starting donepezil.
Choice B Reason:
High blood pressure is also not a common side effect of donepezil. The medication primarily affects the central nervous system and does not typically cause significant changes in blood pressure. While it is always important to monitor a patient’s overall health, high blood pressure is not a side effect specifically linked to donepezil use. Therefore, it is not a primary focus for monitoring in this context.
Choice C Reason:
Elevated body temperature is not commonly associated with donepezil. The side effects of donepezil are more likely to involve gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, as well as muscle cramps and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is not a typical reaction to this medication, so it is not a primary concern for monitoring.
Choice D Reason:
Low pulse rate, or bradycardia, is a known side effect of donepezil. Donepezil can increase the levels of acetylcholine, which can affect the heart’s electrical conduction system and lead to a slower heart rate. This can be particularly concerning in elderly patients or those with pre-existing heart conditions. Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to teach the family to monitor the client’s pulse rate regularly and report any significant decreases to the healthcare provider.
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