What are some of the major causes of death related to spinal cord injury?
Sepsis
Pulmonary embolism
Pneumonia
All of the above
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A: Sepsis is a serious infection that occurs when the body's immune system overreacts to an injury or illness. It can cause organ failure and death. People with spinal cord injury are more prone to sepsis because they may have impaired bladder and bowel function, skin breakdown, or reduced sensation that can lead to infections.
Choice B: Pulmonary embolism is a blockage of an artery in the lungs by a blood clot. It can cause chest pain, shortness of breath, and death. People with spinal cord injury are more at risk of pulmonary embolism because they may have reduced mobility, blood circulation, or breathing capacity that can promote blood clot formation.
Choice C: Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. It can cause fever, cough, and difficulty breathing. People with spinal cord injury are more susceptible to pneumonia because they may have weakened cough reflex, impaired lung function, or aspiration of food or saliva into the lungs.
Choice D: All of the above are major causes of death related to spinal cord injury. They can occur separately or together and can be prevented or treated with proper medical care and lifestyle modifications.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A: Referral to counselor, social worker, home health care, support groups is correct because it can help the patient cope with the emotional, social, and practical aspects of living with a brain tumor. It can also provide information, resources, and assistance to the patient and their caregivers.
Choice B: Presence of family, friends, spiritual advisor, and health care personnel may be supportive is correct because it can provide comfort, companionship, and guidance to the patient. It can also help the patient express their feelings, needs, and preferences.
Choice C: Encourage independence for as long as possible is correct because it can enhance the patient's self-esteem, dignity, and quality of life. It can also help the patient maintain their physical and mental abilities and prevent complications such as depression, anxiety, or immobility.
Choice D: All of the above are correct because they are part of the holistic nursing care for the patient with nervous system metastases or primary brain tumor. They can address the physical, psychological, social, and spiritual needs of the patient and their family.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A: Unresponsiveness to the environment, makes no movement or sound but sometimes opens eyes is a description of akinetic mutism, as it is a state of severe apathy and reduced motor activity caused by damage to the frontal lobes or basal ganglia.
Choice B: Devoid of cognitive function but has sleep-wake cycles is not a description of akinetic mutism, but rather a description of persistent vegetative state, as it is a state of minimal awareness and responsiveness caused by widespread brain damage.
Choice C: Unconsciousness, unarousable unresponsiveness is not a description of akinetic mutism, but rather a description of coma, as it is a state of complete loss of consciousness and reflexes caused by severe brain injury.
Choice D: Inability to move or respond except for eye movements due to a lesion affecting the pons is not a description of akinetic mutism, but rather a description of locked-in syndrome, as it is a state of complete paralysis and preserved consciousness caused by damage to the brainstem.
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