Which of the following medications are used to treat and prevent strokes?

Choice A: Fall risk assessment is important for patients with Parkinson's, as they may have impaired balance, gait, and coordination, as well as muscle stiffness and tremor, that can increase their risk of falling and injuring themselves¹.

Choice B: Swallowing assessment is important for patients with Parkinson's, as they may have difficulty chewing and swallowing due to reduced muscle control in the mouth and throat, which can lead to malnutrition, dehydration, and aspiration pneumonia¹.

Choice C: Skin assessment is important for patients with Parkinson's, as they may have reduced sweating and sebum production due to autonomic dysfunction, which can cause dry and cracked skin that is prone to infection¹.

Choice D: All of the above is correct, as all of these assessments are relevant for patients with Parkinson's.

Choice A: When patient no longer has numbness in extremities is incorrect because it is not a reliable indicator of cervical spine injury or recovery. Numbness in extremities can be caused by various factors such as nerve compression, inflammation, or medication. It can also persist or recur after the cervical collar is removed. The nurse should assess the patient's neurological status but should not remove the cervical collar based on this symptom alone.

Choice B: When patient states they have no pain in the neck is incorrect because it is also not a reliable indicator of cervical spine injury or recovery. Pain in the neck can be subjective, variable, or masked by other factors such as analgesics, shock, or distraction. It can also be absent or delayed after the cervical collar is removed. The nurse should assess the patient's pain level but should not remove the cervical collar based on this symptom alone.

Choice C: When doctor has cleared patient following a cervical X-ray is correct because it is the safest and most accurate way to determine if the patient has a cervical spine injury or not. A cervical X-ray can show any fractures, dislocations, or other abnormalities in the cervical vertebrae that may require immobilization or surgery. The nurse should follow the doctor's orders and remove the cervical collar only after the doctor has confirmed that there is no risk of further damage to the spinal cord or nerves.

Choice D: All of the above are incorrect because only choice c) is sufficient and necessary to remove the cervical collar from a head injury patient. Choices a) and b) are not valid criteria and may expose the patient to potential harm or complications. The nurse should use evidence-based practice and follow the protocols for head injury management and care.