Which of the following describes Akinetic mutism?
Unresponsiveness to the environment, makes no movement or sound but sometimes opens eyes
Devoid of cognitive function but has sleep-wake cycles
Unconsciousness, unarousable unresponsiveness
Inability to move or respond except for eye movements due to a lesion affecting the pons
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A: Unresponsiveness to the environment, makes no movement or sound but sometimes opens eyes is a description of akinetic mutism, as it is a state of severe apathy and reduced motor activity caused by damage to the frontal lobes or basal ganglia.
Choice B: Devoid of cognitive function but has sleep-wake cycles is not a description of akinetic mutism, but rather a description of persistent vegetative state, as it is a state of minimal awareness and responsiveness caused by widespread brain damage.
Choice C: Unconsciousness, unarousable unresponsiveness is not a description of akinetic mutism, but rather a description of coma, as it is a state of complete loss of consciousness and reflexes caused by severe brain injury.
Choice D: Inability to move or respond except for eye movements due to a lesion affecting the pons is not a description of akinetic mutism, but rather a description of locked-in syndrome, as it is a state of complete paralysis and preserved consciousness caused by damage to the brainstem.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A: Ethnicity is not a modifiable risk factor of strokes, as it is determined by genetic and cultural factors that cannot be changed.
Choice B: Gender is not a modifiable risk factor of strokes, as it is determined by biological and hormonal factors that cannot be changed.
Choice C: Age is not a modifiable risk factor of strokes, as it is determined by chronological factors that cannot be changed.
Choice D: Obesity is a modifiable risk factor of strokes, as it can be reduced by lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise. Obesity can increase the risk of strokes by causing high blood pressure, diabetes, and heart disease.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A: Moving patient in a fast abrupt manner is incorrect because it can cause further damage to the spinal cord or other organs. It can also increase the risk of complications such as pressure ulcers, contractures, or fractures. The patient should be moved gently and carefully with proper alignment and support.
Choice B: Using neck brace or collar at patient's discretion is incorrect because it can cause skin irritation, infection, or pressure injuries. The neck brace or collar should be used only as prescribed by the physician and adjusted regularly to ensure a good fit and comfort.
Choice C: Repositioning patient if spine is stable and as indicated by physician is correct because it can prevent complications such as pressure ulcers, contractures, or respiratory infections. The patient should be repositioned every two hours or more frequently if needed, using pillows, wedges, or other devices to maintain proper alignment and relieve pressure.
Choice D: All of the above are incorrect because they do not follow the best practices for nursing intervention for patients with spinal cord injury. They can cause harm or discomfort to the patient and worsen their condition. The nurse should follow the physician's orders and the standards of care for spinal cord injury patients.
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