The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a newborn whose mother has poorly controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus and observes the newborn is grunting with mild sternal retractions. The PN should recognize the newborn is exhibiting signs of which condition?
Hypothyroidism.
Patent ductus arteriosus.
Hyperinsulinemia.
Ventral septal defect.
The Correct Answer is B
The practical nurse (PN) should recognize that a newborn whose mother has poorly controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus and is exhibiting grunting with mild sternal retractions is exhibiting signs of patent ductus arteriosus. Patent ductus arteriosus is a condition in which the ductus arteriosus, a blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta, fails to close after birth. This can result in abnormal blood flow between the aorta and pulmonary artery, leading to respiratory distress.
Hypothyroidism (Option A) and hyperinsulinemia (Option C) are conditions that can occur in newborns, but they do not typically present with grunting and sternal retractions.
Ventral septal defect (Option D) is a congenital heart defect that can cause respiratory distress, but it is not specifically associated with maternal diabetes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
If the practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who delivered 6 hours ago and assessment findings reveal a boggy uterus that is displaced above and to the right of the umbilicus, the PN should encourage the client to void. A full bladder can displace the uterus and prevent it from contracting properly, leading to a boggy uterus. Encouraging the client to void can help empty the bladder and allow the uterus to contract and return to its normal position. The other actions listed may also be appropriate in some situations, but encouraging voiding is the most appropriate action in this situation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The practical nurse (PN) should ask the client if he is planning to obey the voices, as this will help determine the client's risk for harming himself or others. The PN should also ask about the onset and duration of the symptoms and any factors that may have triggered them, such as drug use or recent stressors. Additionally, the PN should assess the client's perception of the voices, as some individuals may recognize them as a symptom of a mental illness, while others may believe them to be real. It is important for the PN to remain non-judgmental and supportive during the assessment, while prioritizing the client's safety.
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