The patient, age 35, is admitted with aplastic anemia. He asks the nurse what aplastic anemia is. An accurate response would be that

the activity of the bone marrow is depressed.

red cells are absent as a result of chronic blood loss.

the bone marrow fails to produce lymphocytes.

the kidneys fail to produce red blood cells.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   The activity of the bone marrow is depressed. Aplastic anemia is a condition where the bone marrow fails to produce sufficient numbers of blood cells, including red cells, white cells, and platelets.
B.   Red cells are absent as a result of chronic blood loss. This describes a condition like iron- deficiency anemia, not aplastic anemia.
C.   The bone marrow fails to produce lymphocytes. Aplastic anemia affects the production of all blood cells, not just lymphocytes.
D.   The kidneys fail to produce red blood cells. This describes anemia of chronic kidney disease, not aplastic anemia. In aplastic anemia, the problem lies with the bone marrow, not the kidneys.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Creation of a "sterile" environment with laminar airflow rooms is not practical or necessary for preventing transmission of pathogens to patients with depressed bone marrow function. It may also not be feasible in many healthcare settings.
B. Placement of patients in private rooms with HEPA filtration may help reduce airborne pathogens but is not the most important measure for preventing transmission of harmful pathogens to patients with depressed bone marrow function.
C. Strict and frequent handwashing by all people having contact with the patient is the most important measure for preventing transmission of harmful pathogens, including bacteria and viruses, to immunocompromised patients. Hand hygiene is a fundamental infection control measure that significantly reduces the risk of healthcare-associated infections.
D. Administration of prophylactic antibiotics may be part of the treatment plan for some patients with depressed bone marrow function to prevent bacterial infections, but it is not the most important measure for preventing transmission of harmful pathogens. Hand hygiene is more effective in reducing the transmission of a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

A. Menopause B. Menarche C. The follicular phase D. The luteal phase

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Menopause is the cessation of menstruation and marks the end of the reproductive years.
B. Menarche is the onset of menstruation and does not describe a phase of the menstrual cycle.
C. The follicular phase begins at the end of menses and ends at ovulation. During this phase, follicles in the ovaries mature, and one dominant follicle is selected for ovulation.
D. The luteal phase follows ovulation and ends with the start of menses. During this phase, the ruptured follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone to prepare the uterus for potential implantation of a fertilized egg.

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The patient, age 35, is admitted with aplastic anemia. He asks the nurse what aplastic anemia is. An accurate response would be that

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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