The nurse will plan to teach a patient who has pernicious anemia about the need for:

Oral ferrous sulfate tablets.

Cobalamin (B) Injections.

Iron dextran infusions

Routine blood transfusions.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Pernicious anemia is a type of anemia that occurs due to a lack of intrinsic factor, a protein necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) in the digestive system. As a result, patients with pernicious anemia are unable to absorb sufficient amounts of vitamin B12 from dietary sources. The treatment for pernicious anemia involves regular administration of cobalamin (B12) injections to bypass the impaired absorption and provide the necessary vitamin B12 directly.

Oral ferrous sulfate tablets are not the appropriate treatment for pernicious anemia. Ferrous sulfate is a form of iron supplement used to treat iron deficiency anemia, which is different from pernicious anemia.

Iron dextran infusions are also not indicated for pernicious anemia. Iron dextran is used for iron replacement therapy in cases of iron deficiency anemia, but it does not address the underlying issue of vitamin B12 deficiency in pernicious anemia.

Routine blood transfusions may be necessary in some cases of pernicious anemia, especially if the patient is severely anemic. However, the primary treatment for pernicious anemia is cobalamin (B12) injections, which provide the necessary vitamin B12 that the patient is unable to absorb.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Nausea and vomiting can lead to excessive loss of fluids and electrolytes, including potassium, from the body. Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract typically caused by viral or bacterial infections. It is commonly characterized by symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. Antibiotics are not typically used to treat viral gastroenteritis and would not directly cause the electrolyte imbalance. Administration of IV Furosemide, a diuretic, would increase urine output but is not typically used to treat gastroenteritis. The fever itself may contribute to fluid loss but would not directly cause the electrolyte imbalance.

A. The client cries out when the nurse attempts to examine him. B. The client is extremely confused and trying to get up. C. The skin of one leg is cooler than that of the upper extremities, D. One leg is shorter than the other and has a protruding bump on the side.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

This finding suggests that the client may have experienced a hip fracture. The shorter leg can be a result of the fractured bone, causing a misalignment or displacement. The protruding bump on the side can be a sign of a dislocated or fractured hip joint. It is important to assess and confirm this suspicion through appropriate diagnostic measures, such as X-rays, to provide the necessary medical intervention and management.

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The nurse will plan to teach a patient who has pernicious anemia about the need for:

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