In replying to a client's questions about the seriousness of the chronic kidney disease (CKD), the nurse knows that the stage of CKD is based on what?
Serum creatinine and urea levels.
Degree of altered mental status.
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Total daily urine output.
The Correct Answer is C
The glomerular filtration rate is a measure of how effectively the kidneys filter waste and excess fluid from the blood. It is a key indicator of kidney function. CKD is staged based on the GFR, which provides an estimate of the percentage of normal kidney function remaining.
While serum creatinine and urea levels are important markers used to assess kidney function, they are not the sole criteria for staging CKD. The degree of altered mental status and total daily urine output are important clinical observations but are not used for staging CKD.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Pneumonia is an infection that causes inflammation in the lungs. Auscultation refers to listening to the sounds produced by the lungs using a stethoscope. Ronchi and fine crackles are abnormal lung sounds that can be heard during auscultation in individuals with pneumonia.
These sounds are associated with the presence of fluid or mucus in the lungs, which is characteristic of pneumonia.
While other symptoms such as a sore throat, tympany noted on chest percussion, and a slightly elevated temperature (37.8 degrees Celsius) can be present in various respiratory conditions, the auscultation findings of ronchi or fine crackles specifically suggest an underlying lung infection like pneumonia.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Notify the surgeon that the informed consent process is not complete.The nurse should inform the surgeon because the surgeon is responsible for ensuring that the patient has adequate information and understands the procedure. It is not appropriate for the nurse to proceed with the consent process if the patient has questions or uncertainties.
B. Notify the operating room nurse to give a more complete explanation of the procedure.While the operating room nurse plays a role in the surgical process, it is the surgeon’s responsibility to provide a complete explanation of the procedure.
C. Provide a thorough explanation of the planned surgical procedure.While it’s important to provide information, the nurse is not authorized to explain the surgical procedure in detail. The surgeon should explain the surgery, as they have the training and knowledge to address all aspects of the procedure and answer any specific questions.
D. Give the prescribed preoperative antibiotics and withhold sedative medications.Administering preoperative medications, including antibiotics, without completed informed consent would be inappropriate. The patient must fully understand the procedure and consent to it before any medications are given.
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