In replying to a client's questions about the seriousness of the chronic kidney disease (CKD), the nurse knows that the stage of CKD is based on what?
Serum creatinine and urea levels.
Degree of altered mental status.
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Total daily urine output.
The Correct Answer is C
The glomerular filtration rate is a measure of how effectively the kidneys filter waste and excess fluid from the blood. It is a key indicator of kidney function. CKD is staged based on the GFR, which provides an estimate of the percentage of normal kidney function remaining.
While serum creatinine and urea levels are important markers used to assess kidney function, they are not the sole criteria for staging CKD. The degree of altered mental status and total daily urine output are important clinical observations but are not used for staging CKD.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The signs or symptoms the nurse would observe in a 4-year-old client experiencing a recurrence of minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) include:
- MCNS is characterized by increased glomerular permeability, leading to the loss of protein, particularly albumin, in the urine. Proteinuria is a hallmark feature of MCNS and is usually detected through urine testing.
- Due to the excessive loss of protein in the urine, particularly albumin, the client with MCNS may have low levels of albumin in the blood. Hypoalbuminemia can result in various complications, such as edema formation and impaired immune function. However this is not a sign or symptom.
- Edema is a common symptom of MCNS and typically presents as swelling in the face, around the eyes, and in the extremities. This is a result of the fluid shifts and fluid retention caused by the altered glomerular function and hypoalbuminemia.
Hypocalcemia and ketones in the urine are not typically associated with MCNS. Hypocalcemia can occur in some types of kidney disease, but it is not a characteristic feature of MCNS. Ketones in the urine are more commonly associated with conditions like diabetic ketoacidosis or inadequate carbohydrate intake.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Prednisone is a corticosteroid medication that can increase blood glucose levels by promoting gluconeogenesis (the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources) and reducing glucose utilization in the body. This can lead to elevated blood sugar levels, especially in individuals with diabetes. The client's history of urinary tract infection and the use of Prednisone suggest that the infection might have triggered the development of DKA.
It's important to note that DKA can occur even when a person is taking insulin as prescribed and following their diet carefully if other factors contribute to the development of DKA, such as an underlying infection or the use of certain medications like Prednisone. The nurse should further assess the client's condition and notify the healthcare provider to initiate appropriate management for DKA.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today