Which finding indicates to the nurse that the current therapies are effective for a patient with acute adrenal insufficiency?
Decreasing serum chloride levels
Increasing serum sodium levels
Increasing serum potassium levels
Decreasing blood sucrose levels
The Correct Answer is B
Acute adrenal insufficiency, also known as adrenal crisis, is characterized by low levels of adrenal hormones, particularly cortisol. One of the primary manifestations of adrenal insufficiency is electrolyte imbalance, specifically hyponatremia (low sodium) and hyperkalemia (high potassium). Inadequate cortisol levels can lead to impaired sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, resulting in sodium loss and low serum sodium levels.
When the patient receives appropriate therapies for acute adrenal insufficiency, such as administration of glucocorticoids (e.g., hydrocortisone), the cortisol levels begin to normalize. As a result, the impaired sodium reabsorption improves, leading to an increase in serum sodium levels.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
In a child with acute appendicitis, it is common to observe an elevated white blood cell count (WBC) as a response to the infection or inflammation associated with the condition. The neutrophil count may be within the lower end of the normal range or slightly decreased, as it can be affected by the severity and duration of the appendicitis. The red blood cell count (RBC) appears to be within the normal range. The lactic acid level is normal, indicating no significant metabolic acidosis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
According to the given information, Aydan's insulin lispro (Humalog) dosage is 1 unit per 50 grams of carbohydrates eaten. As Aydan has just consumed 150 grams of carbs for lunch, we can calculate the insulin dose as follows:
Insulin dose = Carbohydrates eaten / Insulin-to-carbohydrate ratio Insulin dose = 150 grams / 50 grams/unit
Insulin dose = 3 units
Therefore, the nurse should prepare to administer 3 units of Aydan's prescribed rapid-acting insulin (Insulin lispro) to cover the carbohydrates he consumed for lunch. The long-acting insulin (Glargine) is typically given at bedtime to provide a basal insulin level and is not directly related to meal coverage.
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