The nurse reviews data from a new client's kidney function test. Which of the following standards of transplant nursing practice is the nurse primarily performing?

Step 1: The total amount of olanzapine required per dose is 20 mg.

Step 2: Each tablet contains 10 mg of olanzapine.

Step 3: To find out how many tablets are needed, we divide the total amount required by the amount in each tablet. So, 20 mg ÷ 10 mg/tablet.

Step 4: The result is 2 tablets.

So, the nurse should administer 2 tablets per dose. This is already a whole number, so no rounding is necessary.

Choice A reason: Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is a condition where there is damage to the renal tubular cells, which can lead to a decrease in GFR. This is because the tubular cells are responsible for reabsorbing substances from the filtrate back into the blood. When these cells are injured, they cannot function properly, leading to a buildup of waste products and a decrease in GFR.

Choice B reason: While obstruction can lead to a decrease in GFR, it is not the primary cause in the context of acute tubular necrosis. Obstruction typically occurs in postrenal causes of acute kidney injury.

Choice C reason: In?ammatory cells do invade damaged kidneys, but this is more characteristic of conditions such as acute interstitial nephritis rather than ATN. In ATN, the primary issue is the injury to the tubular cells themselves.

Choice D reason: A reduction of blood flow to the kidneys, or prerenal azotemia, can indeed lead to a decrease in GFR. However, in the context of ATN, the primary issue is not the blood flow but the damage to the renal tubules.