A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a history of recurring calcium oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Take 3,000 mg of vitamin C daily.

Drink 3 L of fluid every day.

Eat 12 oz of animal protein daily.

Restrict calcium intake to one serving per day.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Taking 3,000 mg of vitamin C daily is not recommended as it may increase the risk of calcium oxalate stones due to possible conversion of vitamin C to oxalate.

Choice B reason: Drinking 3 L of fluid every day is advised to prevent kidney stones by diluting the urine and reducing the concentration of stone-forming substances.

Choice C reason: Eating 12 oz of animal protein daily is excessive and can increase the risk of kidney stones due to higher excretion of calcium and oxalate.

Choice D reason: Restricting calcium intake to one serving per day is not recommended as a normal calcium intake is necessary to bind oxalate in the gut and reduce oxalate absorption.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Flatened neck veins would suggest dehydration rather than fluid overload.

Choice B reason: The return of skin to previous position when pinched indicates good skin turgor, not fluid overload.

Choice C reason: A significant weight gain in a short period, such as 5 lb since yesterday, is a classic sign of fluid overload.

Choice D reason: An oxygen saturation of 93% does not necessarily indicate fluid overload.

A. Clients who have vaginas have more alkalotic urine which promotes the growth of bacteria. B. Clients who have vaginas have a shorter urethra allowing bacteria to invade the bladder more easily. C. Clients who have vaginas have decreased strength of the detrusor muscle. D. Clients who have vaginas have a decreased bladder capacity.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: The pH of urine can vary, but having a more alkalotic urine does not necessarily promote the growth of bacteria. Urine is typically slightly acidic, which helps to prevent bacterial growth.

Choice B reason: The primary anatomical reason for the higher rates of UTIs in clients who have vaginas is the shorter length of the urethra compared to those who do not have vaginas. This shorter distance makes it easier for bacteria from the skin or rectal area to enter the bladder.

Choice C reason: The strength of the detrusor muscle, which controls the emptying of the bladder, does not have a direct correlation with the frequency of UTIs. UTIs are more related to bacterial invasion rather than muscle strength.

Choice D reason: Bladder capacity is generally not a factor in the frequency of UTIs. While residual urine can increase the risk of UTIs, this is not typically related to overall bladder capacity.

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A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has a history of recurring calcium oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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