The nurse is teaching nursing students about the risk factors for developing delirium in older adults. Which student statement indicates understanding of the risk factors of delirium?
"Age-related cognitive changes may lead to alterations in mental status."
Lack of rigorous exercise may lead to alterations in mental status."
"Decreased social interaction may lead to profound isolation and psychosis."
"Taking multiple medications may lead to adverse interactions or toxicity."
The Correct Answer is D
A. "Age-related cognitive changes may lead to alterations in mental status." Age-related cognitive changes, such as mild cognitive impairment, can increase the risk of delirium, but the statement is too general. Delirium is typically acute and caused by specific factors like medication, infection, or metabolic imbalances, not just normal age-related changes . Therefore, this choice is incorrect.
B. "Lack of rigorous exercise may lead to alterations in mental status." While lack of exercise can impact overall health and well-being, it is not a direct risk factor for delirium. Delirium is more closely associated with acute medical conditions, medication interactions, or environmental factors . Therefore, this choice is incorrect.
C. "Decreased social interaction may lead to profound isolation and psychosis." Decreased social interaction can lead to isolation and mental health issues like depression, but it is not a direct cause of delirium. Delirium typically results from acute physiological changes rather than social factors . Therefore, this choice is incorrect.
D. "Taking multiple medications may lead to adverse interactions or toxicity." Polypharmacy, or taking multiple medications, is a significant risk factor for delirium in older adults due to the potential for adverse drug interactions and toxicity. This can lead to acute changes in mental status characteristic of delirium . This choice is correct.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Promoting social skills and communication development: This is a priority because individuals with Asperger's disorder often struggle with social interactions and communication. Interventions focus on improving these skills to enhance their quality of life and ability to function in society.
B. Administering medications to manage symptoms: While medications may be prescribed for co-occurring conditions (e.g., anxiety, ADHD), they are not typically the primary intervention for core symptoms of Asperger's disorder.
C. Implementing strict routines and schedules: Routine and structure can be beneficial for individuals with Asperger's disorder but are not the primary focus compared to social and communication skills.
D. Providing sensory stimulation to reduce hyperactivity: Sensory issues can be part of Asperger's disorder, but it is not the priority over social and communication development.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "Why did you feel you needed to do that at this time?": This response might come off as insensitive or judgmental. It could imply that the parents made an inappropriate decision without acknowledging their difficult situation.
B. "It must be frustrating for you to have to cancel an activity your son enjoyed.": This response validates the parents' feelings and acknowledges the emotional difficulty of making such a decision. It shows empathy and understanding of their situation.
C. "You never know. He could be ready for baseball by the spring.": This response offers false hope and may not be realistic given the child’s terminal illness. It could undermine the parents’ acceptance of the situation.
D. "Baseball can be a dangerous sport for children anyway.": This response dismisses the parents' feelings and does not acknowledge the real reason for canceling the activity. It is insensitive to the gravity of their situation.
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